Rockfall rebound : comparison of detailed field experiments and alternative modelling approaches
Experimentation ; Forest ; France ; Isère ; Mass movement ; Model ; Mountain ; Rebound ; Rhône-Alpes ; Rockfall ; Simulation ; Slope dynamics
Dynamique de versant ; Eboulement ; Expérimentation ; Forêt ; France ; Isère ; Modèle ; Montagne ; Mouvement de masse ; Rebond ; Rhône-Alpes ; Simulation
The rockfall experimental site is located in the Forêt de Vaujany, Isère, France. The 2 approaches used in this paper consist in either modelling the rock as a single material point (lumped mass approach) or in explicitly accounting for the fragment
and historical analyses, for the rigid body approach. Finally, both rebound models require being improved in a pragmatic manner to better predict the rotational velocities distribution.
Rank-size city dynamics in China and India, 1981–2004
China ; India ; Large city ; Medium-sized town ; Rank-size distribution ; Urban dynamics ; Urban hierarchy ; Urbanization
décennie étudiée (1981-2004). Ils expliquent que dans le cas de la Chine, la distribution rang/taille connaît d’abord une croissance des villes de petites tailles suivie de celles des villes moyennes. A l’inverse, le modèle de l’Inde est caractérisé par une
Chute channel dynamics in large, sand-bed meandering rivers
This study applied binary logistic regression analysis to determine whether it is possible to predict chute initiation based on attributes of meander bend character and dynamics. Regression models developed for the Strickland River, Papua New Guinea
This paper presents a detailed overview of river meandering research, particularly focusing on the advances in the process-based understanding of meander morphodynamics. It also discusses the standing challenges in addressing the dynamics of real
meandering rivers and their floodplain patterns and processes, and potential future directions in river meandering research. The paper advocates the crucial need for bridging theoretical modeling with field- and laboratory-based research in order to inform
, proposant de simuler la croissance urbaine sous la contrainte de la congestion du trafic intra-urbain. La construction du modèle repose sur la combinaison d’hypothèses de fonctionnement et d’interaction des espaces urbains telles que la gravitation ou encore
Bering Sea ; Chaos ; Mathematical model ; Ocean atmosphere interaction ; Oceanology ; Pacific Ocean ; Russia ; Space time ; System ; System dynamics ; Time series
Altimétrie satellitaire ; Bering mer ; Chaos ; Dynamique de système ; Espace-temps ; Interaction océan-atmosphère ; Modèle mathématique ; Océanologie ; Pacifique océan ; Russie ; Système ; Série chronologique
Analogue model ; Debris flow ; Erosion ; Experimentation ; Mass movement ; Model ; New Zealand ; Roughness ; Slope ; Slope dynamics ; Soil mechanics ; South Island
Coulée de débris ; Dynamique de versant ; Erosion ; Expérimentation ; Modèle ; Modèle analogique ; Mouvement de masse ; Mécanique des sols ; Nouvelle-Zélande ; Rugosité ; South Island ; Versant
Bassin-versant ; Erosion des sols ; Erosion hydrique ; Espagne ; Géomorphodynamique ; Modèle ; Murcia ; Pratique culturale ; Simulation ; Torrealvilla ; Utilisation agricole du sol
Agricultural land use ; Agricultural practice ; Earth surface processes ; Model ; Murcia ; Simulation ; Soil erosion ; Spain ; Water erosion ; Watershed
The AA. aim to analyse the potential contribution of tillage erosion to landscape development using LEM LAPSUS. The model is calibrated separately for a water erosion process (i) without tillage and (ii) with tillage. The model is applied
2012
[b1] Land Dynamics Group, Univ., Wageningen, Pays-Bas
Analyse des possibilités d’utilisation de l’information satellitaire afin de prévoir la récolte agricole par le biais des modèles dynamiques. Les AA. établissent les liens entre les données obtenues au sol et les données satellitaires. Ils montrent
Agropédologie ; Biogéochimie ; Cycle du carbone ; Echelle ; Environnement global ; Erosion des sols ; Erosion hydrique ; Etats-Unis ; Modèle ; Monde ; Sol cultivé ; Vitesse d'érosion
Agropedology ; Biogeochemistry ; Carbon cycle ; Cultivated land ; Erosion rate ; Global environment ; Model ; Scale ; Soil erosion ; United States of America ; Water erosion ; World
model driven by coarse global databases using an empirical database that covers the conterminous USA. The good agreement between their model results and empirical estimates indicate that the approach presented here captures the essence of agricultural
scale (an average SOC loss of 22% in 50 years) and agricultural soils should therefore be considered as dynamic systems that can change rapidly.
California ; Digital elevation model ; Drainage network ; Erosion rate ; LiDAR ; Slope ; Slope dynamics ; Slope exposure ; Slope gradient ; Tectonics ; United States of America
California ; Dynamique de versant ; Etats-Unis ; Exposition de versant ; LiDAR ; Modèle numérique de terrain ; Pente de versant ; Réseau de drainage ; San Gabriel Mountains ; Tectonique ; Versant ; Vitesse d'érosion
Here the AA. quantify hillslope response to tectonic across a threshold landscape in the San gabriel Mountains, California, using an 1 m resolution, LiDAR-derived digital elevation model, high resolution panoramic photographs, and cosmogenic
beryllium-10 derived catchment erosion rates. Two distinct trends in hillslope behavior emerge : below and above catchment-mean slopes of 30°. Their results reveal important textural details lost in 10 or 30 m resolution digital elevation models of steep
streams. The used approach integrates the hydrological and hydraulic models in order to account first for the dynamic of catchment response to rainfall and activation of the streams, and then for the hydraulic behavior of the streams. Results show the slow
This work presents an analysis of the response to rainfall of ephemeral streams in a karst semi-arid regions of southeast of Italy by an innovative approach. The analysis is based on a 2D simulation model of the behavior of a network of ephemeral
response of ephemeral streams to the rainfall, whereas more extreme rainfall events generate quick and high discharge responses of the ephemeral streams. In addition, modeling results emphasize the non-linearity of runoff generation, in particular for some
This paper presents patch-scale laboratory and field experiments to demonstrate that through-water terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) has the potential to provide high resolution digital elevation models of submerged gravel beds with enough detail
-dimensional surface geometry on turbulent flow fields and their interaction with instream ecology dynamics.
2012
[b2] Fluvial Dynamics Research group (RIUS). Dep. of Environment and Soil Sciences, Univ., Lleida, Espagne
fault. So they think that paleosols ages on the Paleo-alluvial-pluvial fans can be used to reveal fault activity history. They have built the model of time relationship between paleosols ages on the Paleo-alluvial-pluvial fans and fault activity history
2012
[b1] Key Lab. of Crustal Dynamics, Inst. of Crustal Dynamics, CEA, Beijing, Chine
Collaborative and collective : reflexive co-ordination and the dynamics of open innovation in the digital industry clusters of the Paris region
garantissent les futures recherches dans ce domaine et suggère que les politiques incitent les entreprises à évoluer vers des modèles organisationnels plus collaboratifs.
Abruzzi ; Aquifer ; Carbonate rock ; Conceptual model ; Earthquake ; Hydrogeology ; Impact ; Italy ; Travertine
at 5 piezometers located in the travertine quarry area began to decrease, while the water level slightly increased in the Pozzo del Merro karst lake that is located in the carbonate aquifer. To explain these variations, a possible conceptual model
is proposed that assumes that ground - water-level variations are caused by a change in aquifer permeability principally due to the dynamic stress associated with the passing of the earthquake's seismic waves. - (NF)
Adaptation ; Applied ecology ; Climatic change ; Conceptual model ; Environmental management ; Gender ; Multidimensional scaling ; Political ecology ; Resilience ; Social inequality ; Space time ; Vulnerability
envisioning, rehearsing for reality, and dynamic planning in the context of multiple and synergistic stressors, all powerful countervoices to hegemonic integrated modeling and numeric vulnerability indices.
Aeolian features ; Aeolian transport ; Canada ; Coastal dynamics ; Coastal environment ; Conceptual model ; Dune ; Maritime Province ; Prince Edward Island ; Topography ; Wind
Canada ; Dune ; Dynamique littorale ; Eolien ; Littoral ; Maritime Provinces ; Modèle conceptuel ; Prince Edward Island ; Topographie ; Transport éolien ; Vent
A field study was undertaken at the Greenwich Dunes, Price Edward Island, Canada. A conceptual model is proposed which shows how near-surface wind vectors are altered for 4 regional wind conditions : (a) onshore, detached; (b) onshore-oblique