Geographical Information Systems and dynamicmodels
Climatic variation ; Concept ; Fluvial hydrology ; Geographical information system ; Heathland ; Netherlands (The) ; Vegetation dynamics ; Water balance ; Watershed
This research deals with approaches and concepts for a fruitful integration of dynamicmodels and GIS. It gives an overview of the current state of GIS and the characteristics of dynamicmodels. It is focussed on the concepts behind an integration
of dynamicmodels and GIS. The different case-studies in this work serve as examples of the techniques and concepts described earlier. These case-studies refer to water balance situations of large river basins with respect to their sensitivity to climatic
As a branch of geomorphology, the fluvial dynamic geomorphology is a marginal science among fluid dynamics, sediment mechanics and fluvial geomorphology. With physical modelling by similarity based on Newtonian mechanics, and principle of the same
effect but different structure based on systematic theory, it is possible to study properties, formation and processes in fluvial dynamic geomorphology. A new research method, which is a combination of mathematical simulation by computer with physical
Corridor stability in the Dendrinos model of regional factor movements
Bifurcation ; Economic equilibrium ; Externalities ; Model ; Regional science ; Structural stability ; System ; System dynamics ; Urban dynamics
Bifurcation ; Dynamique de système ; Dynamique urbaine ; Equilibre économique ; Externalités ; Modèle ; Science régionale ; Stabilité structurale ; Système
Problème de la stabilité de l'état stationnaire d'un système dynamique au voisinage de l'équilibre. Hypothèses sur la probabilité d'un corridor de stabilité. Réexamen du modèle de Dendrinos de formalisation des mouvements simultanés du capital et du
Toward geomorphometric models for estimating landslide dynamics and forecasting landslide occurence in Japanese mountains
Forecast ; Geomorphometry ; Honshu ; Japan ; Landslide ; Lithology ; Mass movement ; Model ; Mountain ; Slope dynamics ; Slope gradient
Dynamique de versant ; Glissement de terrain ; Géomorphométrie ; Honshū ; Japon ; Lithologie ; Modèle ; Montagne ; Mouvement de masse ; Pente de versant ; Prévision
This paper examines, first, physical properties of landslide materials and dynamics of landslide processes using such geomorphometric attributes as length of the landslide mass, the relative altitude and the area of the mass. Special attention
Numerical landscapes : static, kinematic and dynamic process-form relations
Bassin-versant ; Cours d'eau ; England ; Glacier ; Hydrologie ; Modèle ; Modèle numérique ; Royaume-Uni ; Réseau de drainage ; Suisse ; Système d'information géographique ; Topographie ; Valais
Drainage network ; England ; Geographical information system ; Glacier ; Hydrology ; Model ; Numerical model ; Stream ; Switzerland ; Topography ; United Kingdom ; Valais ; Watershed
La représentation des surfaces topographiques à 3 dimensions sous forme de modèle numérique de terrain (MNT) devient significative du point de vue géomorphologique, quand ces modèles peuvent être coupler avec des modèles de processus et quand le MNT
peut être statique ou dynamique. Présentation et discussion des modèles utilisés pour la Rivière Glen dans l'Est de l'Angleterre et le Haut Glacier d'Arolla en Suisse.
On étudie ce modèle dans le système océan-atmosphère-continent. Il est fondé sur le modèle climatique thermodynamique Adem. Conformément à l'hypothèse de K. Hasselmann les processus avec une petite échelle temporelle caractéristique de la
variabilité se présentent sous la forme de champs non correlés dans le temps avec une covariation spatiale et un écart quadratique moyen, proches de ceux calculés d'après les données des observations. Le modèle reproduit de façon satisfaisante la variabilité
Alps (The) ; Austria ; Climatic variation ; Fluvial processes ; Global change ; Model ; Mountain ; Palaeogeography ; Periglacial features ; Plant cover ; Sediment budget
Monitoring of sediment transfer and reconstructions of palaeovegetation cover and palaeoclimate in the periglacial belt of the Central Alps have been the main aims of this study. These data allow the calibration of a model that estimates sediment
Cénozoïque ; Géomorphologie ; Modèle ; Montagne ; Mouvement vertical ; Nouvelle-Zélande ; South Island ; Tectonique ; Tectonique de plaques
Cenozoic ; Geomorphology ; Model ; Mountain ; New Zealand ; Plate tectonics ; South Island ; Tectonics ; Vertical movement
The existing models of the geomorphic development of the Southern Alps, the dynamic cuesta model of J. Adams and the numerical model of P. Koons, are compared with the new data (fission track analysis) and evolutionary model. Here the AA. examine
Multiple stable states and models of riparian vegetation succession on the Animas River, Colorado
Biogeography ; Colorado ; Ecosystem ; Flood ; Model ; Stream ; United States of America ; Vegetation ; Vegetation dynamics
Berge ; Biogéographie ; Colorado ; Cours d'eau ; Crue ; Dynamique de la végétation ; Ecosystème ; Etats-Unis ; Modèle ; Végétation
This paper specifically examines the process of vegetation recovery following disturbance by exceptional natural floods along a river reach that is (and has been) comparatively undisturbed by human activities. It assesses a new successional model
, a state-and-transition model, which recognizes the possibility of multiple stable states in vegetation, via an investigation of the influence of fluvial processes and landforms on variation in a mosaic of riparian vegetation patches of different ages
Amazonas River ; America ; Biodiversity ; Brazil ; Discharge ; Ecosystem ; Fauna ; Floodplain ; Fluvial hydrology ; Fluvial processes ; Mississippi ; Model ; Papua New Guinea ; River bed ; Seasonal variability ; United States of America ; Vegetation
The AA. explore this question with a simple simulation model of the dynamics of a food web in a river with seasonally fluctuating discharge. Components of this river food web spread across a floodplain when it is inundated at high water
of the channel. This model assumes extremely simplified spatial and dynamic properties of both physical and biological components of the ecosystem.
, and the mobile organisms concentrate back into the channel during reconfinement. The AA. explore the consequences of floodplain width for this model food web by comparing trophic structures that develop when the floodplain is one, ten, and forty times the width
The spatiotemporal dynamics of AIDS and TB in the New York metropolitan region from a sociogeographic perspective: understanding the linkages of central city and suburbs
AIDS ; Commuting ; Diffusion ; Disease ; Markov chain ; Model ; New York City ; Space time ; Spatial dynamics ; United States of America ; Urban region
Chaîne de Markov ; Diffusion ; Dynamique spatiale ; Espace-temps ; Etats-Unis ; Maladie ; Migration alternante ; Modèle ; New York City ; Région urbaine ; SIDA ; Tuberculose
Hydrology ; Model ; Permeability ; Scotland ; Slope ; Slope dynamics ; Soil properties ; Temperate zone ; United Kingdom
Dynamique de versant ; Hydrologie ; Modèle ; Perméabilité ; Propriétés du sol ; Royaume-Uni ; Scotland ; Versant ; Zone tempérée
In this paper two models are employed to assess whether hillslopes in humid temperate environments may be suction controlled. In 1988 a series of storms produced several shallow planar slope failures, in freely-draining, permeable soils on slopes
in the Glen Livet Estate, Scotland. The two models, when applied to these slope failures, indicate the possibility that slopes may fail under unsatured conditions, and that their stability is thus controlled by the minimum suction which may develop
Linkage of the 1981 and 1991 UK Censuses using surface modelling concepts
Population census ; Population distribution ; Socio-economic system ; Spatial analysis ; Spatial dynamics ; United Kingdom
The integration of 1981 and 1991 data is far from straightforward because of changes in census geography and definitions, and in the format and nature of the data. It is explained how, by a further refinement of population surface modelling concepts
, these two data sets can be transformed into a single, consistent geographical database. The resulting models permit intercensal analysis with considerable spatial flexibility and a number of computational advantages.
Antarctica ; Cold area ; Deglaciation ; Glacial erosion ; Glacial features ; Glacial tectonics ; Meltwater ; Model ; Moraine
This paper deals with the morphology and sedimentology of these moraines and sedimentary processes that can be studied at the present glacier ice-cliff. Further, it presents a model for ice-marginal moraine formation in cold and arid glacial
environments and discusses the formation of moraines by polar glaciers which are wholly on partly frozen to their bed. The dynamics of the Mackay glacier and its recent activity are discussed in the light of the evidence of the moraines.
Dorset ; England ; Historical geography ; Model ; Photogrammetry ; Rockfall ; Slope ; Slope dynamics ; United Kingdom
Dorset ; Dynamique de versant ; Eboulement ; England ; Géographie historique ; Modèle ; Photogrammétrie ; Royaume-Uni ; Versant
at approximately 10 year intervals until 1988. The technique is used to generate plans/contours/sections and a dense and accurate digital elevation model (DEM) of the whole site at each epoch.
Agricultural productivity ; Agroclimatology ; China ; Climatic warming ; Crop ; Evapotranspiration ; Global change ; Model ; Temperature ; Zonation
According to climatic, hydrological, soil and vegetation data from 671 stations in China, 12 temperate zones with 45 natural regions are identified. In this paper, methods like migration of crop distribution, potential productivity, and dynamic
modelling are used to research changes of natural zones and natural regions of eco-environment.