Alternative approaches to market-area structure in the urban system
Central places ; Centrality ; Gravity model ; Market ; Marketarea ; Retail trade ; Urban system
It is argued that the market-area structure within the typical model of an urban system does not conform satisfactorily to the pattern customarily observed. The market-area structure of the standard model of a central place system is modified
by applying two additional frameworks: the economic law of marketareas and the law of retail gravitation. Each application results in a more relistic pattern of marketareas, while preserving the hierarchical structure of the central place system.
It is shown that coffee marketing within the traditional market system of an Indonesian highland area turns out to be an increasing disadvantage for the rural poor since it involves high transaction costs. New practices will have
to be institutionalized in order to facilitiate more transparency and to strengthen the peasant's capacity to compete with other production areas.
The paper offers a concept of a housing marketarea (HMA), in order to shed a light on sub-regional structures of the housing system and hence provide a methodological framework for strategic research in the housing market. Based on the principal
of spatial arbitrage, a local housing marketarea is defined by reference to criteria linked to migration self-containment, similar to the travel-to-work areas used to define spatial labour market systems. This definition is tested empirically by developing
Fetter's law, a classical result of location theory, is respecified to include search costs. Then the implied partition of the market space is derived.
Central places ; Centrality ; Competition ; Market ; Marketarea ; Model ; Retail trade ; Spatial economy ; Spatial interaction ; Spatial system
A nested family of market interaction models for the general case of spatial or aspatial goods is developed. Market structure effects are identified in the form of intraregional and extraregional competition. The competing destinations and competing
central place models are shown to be special cases of the general modeling framework. Survey data are collected from Chicago-area Management and Public Relations firms.
Investigation of trade in medicinal and aromatic products (MAP) from the rural areas of Gorkha District in central Nepal to the wholesale markets in India over two-year period. Authors found 36 products, almost all of which were exported unprocessed
to India. They found the MAP markets to suffer from limited price information and poor market integration. A small number of Terai wholesalers earned excessive profits. Governments reforms, but not direct intervention in the markets (e.g., parastatals
Market-place trading and the transformation of retail space in the expanding Latin American city
Competition ; Ecuador ; Government intervention ; Latin America ; Location ; Market ; Periodic market ; Quito ; Retail trade ; Shopping centre ; Urban area ; Urban growth
been established and that these are consolidated into daily markets. Much of the dynamism in market-place trading is associated with government intervention, with principal policies being the creation of markets in poorly served urban areas
The global spread of the supermarket and the planned shopping centre is transforming retail space in the Latin American city. Market-place trading has continued to flourish in most cities. A case study of Quito shows how new periodic markets have
Migration between labour marketareas in Great Britain, 1970-1971
Bassin de main-d'oeuvre ; Flux migratoire ; Great Britain ; Géographie de l'Europe ; Migration ; Migration de travail ; Migration intérieure ; Royaume-Uni ; Standard metropolitan labour area (SMLA) ; Système urbain ; Ville ; entropie
Spatial competition in retail food markets is examined, with emphasis on the geographic variations in prices among proximate rival firms. The concepts of Löschian, Hotelling-Smithies, and Greenhut-Ohta competition are reviewed, and the conjectural
Neighborhood correlates of house price changes for the San Francisco Bay area are analysed for the metropolitan area as a whole and also for submarkets defined on the basis of real estate board juridictions, the racial-ethnic composition
of neighborhoods, and the average house price of neighborhoods. Regression analysis reveals different patterns of correlates for the market and submarket models.
City marketing, image reconstruction and urban regeneration
Special issue : The economic restructuring of older industrial areas
Economie urbaine ; Glasgow ; Image de la ville ; Image de marque ; Marketing ; Publicité ; Restructuration économique ; Royaume-Uni ; Scotland ; Strathclyde ; Structure de l'emploi
Brand image ; Economic restructuring ; Employment structure ; Glasgow ; Marketing ; Perception of the urban environment ; Publicity ; Scotland ; Strathclyde ; United Kingdom ; Urban economy
City marketing is more than the mere promotion of place, being used in some cities to rebuild and redefine their image. Examining the experience of Glasgow, the paper focuses on the implications raised by the use of such techniques, showing
Changing housing markets in Russian cities. Case study of Moscow, St. Petersburg and Kazan
Comparative study ; European part of Russia ; Habitat ; Land ; Moscow ; Price ; Real estate market ; Saint Petersburg ; Urban area ; Urban geography
. The most dynamic markets with peak prices are found in metropolitan areas with a population of 1 million or more. Two cities, Moscow and St. Petersburg, provide a special case as they differ from other big Russian cities such as Kazan in Tartastan in price
Since 1991 a dynamic housing market has emerged in Russian cities. This is new for a country where housing was formely a state responsability. Today residential quarters can be identified that are clearly marked by their difference in housing prices
levels, size of the market measured by volume of transactions and money flows. - (IfL)