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  • was of Dry Semi-deciduous type, similar to the present-day forest of this area. The early Holocene forest may, however, have been more open than its modern counterpart. It is suggested that the relative openness of this forest may have been maintained
  • (time necessary for the Tympanotomus growth) and possibly one century or more. This formation is the consequence of a marine invasion that penetrated the lower Valley of the Senegal and Ferlo rivers up to 150 km above the present boundary at 1545
  • , merely tentative interpretations may be advanced. It would appear that proximity of fresh water and food resources weighed more in the decision-making process than that of raw materials.
  • covers the time span of approximately 40 000 to 6 000 years BP. The pollen spectra give indications of semi-arid and more humid periods while colder intervals may have occurred. The results are correlated with changes in lake levels.
  • Lake Malawi levels have been as much as 5 m above modern peak values during the early? Holocene but, until more is known about changes in the overflow, the palaeoclimatic significance of these high levels must remain in doubt. In an attempt to view
  • Stable isotope analyses and radiocarbon dating indicate that the vlei silt deposit at Homeb accumulated between 23 000 and 19 000 BP. The calcrete above the S bank of the Kuiseb river at Homeb developed between 33 000 and 28 000 BP, indicating more
  • in the Sahara as towards the North in the Middle East, except for the Southern Near East where rainfall increased. This trend became more accentuated during the Early Holocene. During the Middle Holocene period (6000 to 4000 yr BP), the trend was turning