Use of satellite images in mapping of biological diversity in Senegal
The aim of the project is to develop a method for mapping and monitoring of biological diversity in the Sahel zone. Sahel is undergoing marked environmental changes, affecting not only human populations but also ecological communities. These ongoing
processes have biological implications on both national and international levels. The Sahelian biotopes hold a number of endemic biological assets and constitute the main wintering ground for a significant number of Palearctic migratory bird species.
A quantitative method for analysing landscape structure
This paper sketches out a method for a quantitative description of landscape structure, which can be used for biologically optimal landscape management. The approach suggested is based on a landscape ecological framework and emphasis is laid
on spatial characterisation of the landscape. It aims at supplementing conventional landscape descriptive parameters of biological importance, which are derived from a range of empirical data, with a spatial characterization. The method is implemented
in a vector-based GIS (ArcView) and allows quantification of landscape structure in different landscape types. Suggestions to further development of the method are discussed.
Endolithic lichens, rapid biological weathering and Schmidt hammer R-values on recently exposed rock surfaces : Storbreen glacier foreland, Jotunheimen, Norway
The aim of this paper is to investigate the rate of biological weathering in the earlier stages, on more recently exposed surfaces, including moraine ridges that were deposited by the glacier in the 1980s and 1990s. This study demonstrates
the reduction in Schmidt hammer R-values that followed the rapid colonization by this endolithic lichen of pyroxene-granulite boulders on terrain deglaciated over the last 88 years on the Storbreen glacier foreland, Jotunheimen. The rapid rate of biological
weathering reported in this study itself offers possibilities for a new method of phytometric dating for very young rock surfaces.
A new method of classifying world climates on the basis of simple meteorological data has been developed with a view to fit the global biomes. The fit to biological regions was achieved by using systematically conditional variable limits. Applying
the method the world has been divided first into 20, then by sophisticating the method into 9 major bioclimatic regions.
Presented in this article are possible criteria for the classification of the various methods of bioindication. Also presented are links between the criteria from different groups and - against this background - the bioindicative approaches applied
The reclamation activity of the opencast bauxite mines has two phases : technical and biological. During technical reclamation, land is transformed into a state comparable to the original conditions. Biological recultivation includes soil
revitalisation and vegetation planting. The recultivation was carried out according to the methods of an original plan of action. As a result of its implementation, a lower surface level was shaped than it had been projected, which would not cause any problem
par l'émergence du souci de qualité du milieu naturel. Des méthodes de collecte des données et d'analyse enrichissent et complètent les approches traditionnelles.
Suggested terminology for Quaternary dating methods
The AA. recommend the use of the terms numerical-age, calibrated-age, relative-age, and correlated-age. They also classify dating methods by type into sideral, isotopic, radiogenic, chemical and biological, geomorphic and correlation methods
. The use of absolute is inappropriate for most dating methods, and should be replaced by numerical . The use of date should be minimized in favor of age or age estimate . They recommend use of the abbreviations ka and Ma for mostages| calender dates can
Biological indicator ; Classification ; European part of Russia ; Geomorphology ; Methodology ; Moscow ; Oblast ; Sedimentation
Descrition de ces méthodes et leur nouvelle classification. Exemple dans la région de Moscou d'analyse morphologique et sédimentaire à l'aide de bioindicateurs.
Approaching the physical-biological interface in rivers : a review of methods for ecological evaluation of flow regimes
alteration. Finally, the AA. consider the potential of these methods as tools for hydrological risk assessment in European Water Framework Directive implementation.
School children (age between 6 and 16 years) participated in an air pollution survey in the Brussels region. The lichenometric method used shows that air pollution, especially SO2 pollution, influences lichen growth and development. A map
of the growth rate of the epilithic species Lecanora muralis was drawn for the greater Brussels area and compared with SO2 pollution in this area. The lichenometric method contributes to the general development and education of children. - (Les AA.).
A method for characterizing the state of compactness of an arable soil in Impact of water and external forces on soil structure. Selected papers of the 1st Workshop on soilphysics and soilmechanics, Hannover 1986.
The method, described here, gives a useful characterization of the state of compactness of an annually tilled soil layer from a biological point of view. The main goal was to develop a method, giving maximum crop yield with the same degree
Contributions to the method and theory of panbiogeography are reviewed in relation to a New Zealand interest that arose from the late 1970s and early 1980s. Progress in panbiogeography over the last decade provides a significant contribution
to evolutionary theory through the continued development of a spatiotemporal synthesis for understanding biological and geological processes responsible for local and global biodiversity.
Biological indicator ; Biology ; Ecology ; Fish ; Hydrobiology ; Pollution ; Toxic product ; Water ; Water quality
Méthodologie et méthodes d'évaluation biologique de la qualité des eaux : test biologique, bio-indication, diagnostic écotoxicologique. Méthodes d'études physiopathologiques des poissons : suivi clinique et anatomopathologique de l'organisme
The application of ASTER imageries and mathematical evaluation method in detecting cyanobacteria in biological soil crust, Chadormalu area, central Iran
Dans cette étude, les images acquises par le capteur ASTER, en particulier les réflectances observées dans le visible et le proche-infrarouge, ont été analysées afin d'étudier sur le terrain les croûtes cryptogamiques. Différentes méthodes de
traitement d'image ont été développées, telles que l'IARR (Internal Average Relative Reflectance), les compositions en fausses couleurs, la transformation MNF (Minimum Noise Fraction), la méthode MEM (Mathematical Evaluation Method). De bons résultats ont été
obtenus sur le site test localisé dans le désert de Chadormalu pour détecter les croûtes cryptogamiques ou formées de cyanobactéries. La méthode MEM semble la plus efficiente pour des études régionales.
We have characterised principles of geobotanical indication methods, that may be used as a tool in forest monitoring. Further, we have discussed the vegetation role as an indicator of present conditions and transformations of numerous elements
of the natural environment, (especially climate and soils) occuring under the influence of anthropogenic influences and natural mechanisms. A few examples of possible applications of geobotanical indication methods for analysing changes of forest phytocoenoses
Algeria ; Biological indicator ; Chemical industry ; Conifer ; Ecosystem ; Mediterranean area ; Pollution ; Sampling ; Vegetation
Le fluor : un élément de la biosphère. Le fluor : un polluant. La région de Sétif et les sources potentielles de pollution. Les méthodes d'étude du fluor comme polluant. Méthodes d'échantillonnage et d'analyse en laboratoire. La pollution fluorée
Benthos ; Biological indicator ; Ecosystem ; European part of Russia ; Fresh water ; Pollution ; Reservoir ; Volga ; Water
Méthode de suivi des réservoirs d'eau douce d'après les caractéristiques les plus importantes des associations benthiques en utilisant un indicateur combiné de l'association et un indicateur combiné de pollution. La méthode est illustrée par
A multi-scale and multi-method approach has been developed to evaluate the nature and effects of short-term biological colonisation. This method has been used at Falasarma, on the western coast of Crete, to investigate bioprotection and bioerosion
and phytosociological structure of the meadow flora in the study area. Comparative analysis of ecological requirements of the species (chosen bioindicative values after Ellenberg method) made it possible to determine changes in some habitat features including moisture