the distributary tube system which supplies magma to the tumuli to branch vigorously. Large lava-inflation structures such as lava rises occur in areas where there were restrictions to branching.
Lava flow volume and morphology from digitised contour maps : a case study at Mount Etna, Sicily
Cartography ; Italy ; Lava flow ; Numerical model ; Sicilia ; Volcanic eruption ; Volcanism
The volume and morphology of a lava flow-field can be measured by mapping and comparing the topography before and after lava emplacement. This paper explores the use of 1:25,000 scale digitised contour maps for mapping two lava flows of diverse
Chronology of lava and associated soils near San Miguel, New Mexico
The objective of this paper is to present evidence for a different age for the lava and the associated soils, based on the amount of pedogenic carbonate in the soil that buries the lava, on dated volcanic ash that occurs upstream along the valley
Criteria for recognition of constructional silicic lava flow surfaces
California ; Geochemistry ; Lava ; Lava flow ; Stratigraphy ; United States ; Volcanism ; Weathering
Brief review of the literature on active and recent silicic lava flow surface features and textural stratigraphy, then the AA. present criteria for field determination of constructional features. These criteria should aid in the identification
Mt Rouse, an exctint volcano south of Penshurst in W. Victoria was a source for copious lava flows which followed pre-existing valleys and reached the coast 60 km to the south. Many typical features of drainage modifications are associated
with the lava flows. Stony rises are widespread and it is deduced that a lava tube mechanism was in operation to produce such long flows. A new date for the volcano is 1,8 m.y., which is inconsistent with ages of about 0,3 m.y. reported from basalts near Port
In this paper, the AA. present a descriptive summary of tumuli from 3 geographically distinct volcanic fields dominated by pahoehoe lava fields. These 3 studied fields are geographically distinct, however the composition of the magma
and the volcanic settings as volcanic cone fields associated with extensive lava fields are common features among these fields. The young age and the semi-arid to arid climate provided excellent exposures to study lava surface features of the studied sites
This paper presents results of a detailed mapping and field study of the 1984 open-channel lava flow. Identified surface-texture types are described as flow facies. Lava flow dimensions are assessed by combining the pre- and post-flow topography
to get a realistic figure of the dimensions of the lava flow. Video recordings are also used to draw conclusions about the development of the flow during eruption. Lava flow models are then discussed in the light of topographic data and observations.
Also influenced by marine erosion, the dimensions and morphology of sea caves principally depend on the structural behaviour of the enclosing basaltic lavas and pyroclastics. In basalt volcanic areas sea caves can form in columnar and irregularly
jointed basaltic lava; through opening up and further shaping of primarily existing caverns; in lava deltas; by the excavation of embedded volcanic agglomerate or slack structured a lava form between thick and primarily existing caverns; in pillow lava
; in basaltic dyke; along the border of a basaltic dyke and thick hydrovolcanic tuff and in basaltic tuff. The aim of the study is to demonstrate that how and in which form sea caves develop in structurally different basaltic lavas and pyroclastics. - (AM)
Radiocarbon studies of latest Pleistocene and Holocene lava flows of the Snake River plain, Idaho: data, lessons, interpretation
Radiocarbon dating was applied to carbon bearing, charred eolian sediment from beneath the lava flows. Twenty of the more than 60 lava flows of the Crater of the Moon lava field have been dated| their ages range from about 15,000 to about 2000 yr
B.P. The ages permit assignment of the flows to eight distinct eruption periods with an average recurrence interval of about 2000 yr. The seven other latest Pleistocene-Holocene lava fields were emplaced in short eruptive bursts.
The aims of this study are 1) to examine erosion and sedimentation processes in the Paricutin cone and adjacent lava fields, in the first two decades after the eruption; 2) to identify revegetation processes and soil development; 3) to determine
The nature and rate of weathering by lichens on lava flows on Lanzarote
Basalt ; Biogeochemistry ; Canary Islands ; Chemical erosion ; Climate ; Comparative study ; Eighteenth Century ; Hawaii ; Lava flow ; Lichen ; Microstructure ; Model ; Weathering
Samples of lichen-covered and bare lava surfaces from Lanzarote, dating the 1730-1736 eruption, have been analysed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) to investigate the relative
slopes, the prepared sand walls of the lava flows, the slightly sloping lava flows sheets and the steep specifically shaped and directed valleys. - (JS)
Author describe the geomorphological features of the lava plateau of Medves in northern Hungary near the Hungarian-Slovakian boundary. Erosion processes as well as geomorphological processes (e.g. mass movements) are investigated in details
The use of palaeo-flow direction indicators in basaltic lavas in landscape history reconstruction: a reconnaissance study and evaluation from northern New South Wales, Australia
Australia ; Basalt ; Cenozoic ; Drainage ; Lava ; Microstructure ; New South Wales ; Palaeogeography ; Palaeohydrology ; Runoff