Landscape Synthesis-foundations, classification and management.
Aménagement du paysage ; Classification ; Généralités sur la géographie ; Géo-écologie ; Paysage ; Science du paysage
The two volumes reflect the contributions of members of a IGU-Symposium on Landscape Synthesis held in G.D.R., 1985. Part I : Geoecological foundations (LESER, BILLWITZ, UHLIG, HAASE/NEUMEISTER). Part II : Landscape classification and Management
Belgique ; Concept ; Définition ; Ecologie du paysage ; Europe ; Géographie ; Interdisciplinarité ; Paysage ; Relation homme-environnement ; Science du paysage
locales et régionales, l'étude du paysage est devenue interdisciplinaire. La science du paysage rassemble un réseau international de chercheurs qui ont pour souci de comprendre les interactions complexes entre les éléments paysagers structurés et les
Le mot de crise convient mal à cette situation méthodologique dans laquelle se trouvent les sciences qui s'approchent d'une limite théorique déterminée. Cela entraîne une modification de l'interprétation des bases qui peut être bénéfique à la
science en question. L'approche phénoménologique est appliquée à la science du paysage.
Modern tundra landscapes of the Kolyma Lowland and their evolution in the Holocene
Asian part of Russia ; Climatic change ; Eastern Siberia ; Geomorphogenesis ; Holocene ; Lake ; Landscape ; Magadan ; Periglacial features ; Permafrost ; Thermokarst ; Tundra
The different tundra landscapes of the Kolyma Lowland, northern Siberia are described, focusing on landscape typology, digital mapping and the calculation of areas occupied by different landscape complexes. The genesis, age and evolution of yedoma
sediments and associated alas (thermokarst basins) topography are inferred from the calculation of lake-basin and lake-area changes over three decades. Connections between the present landscape and its evolution during the Holocene are described.
[b1] Inst. of Physicochemical and Biological Problems in Soil Sciences, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Russie, Federation de
Landscape pattern metrics : an empirical study from 2-D to 3-D
Cartographic display ; China ; Comparative study ; Digital elevation model ; Guangdong ; Landscape ; Landscape ecology ; Model ; Mountain
Fourteen small watersheds in a mountainous area of the Northern Guangdong Province in China were selected as sample landscape units. Two metrics at the patch level, five metrics at the class level, and four metrics at the landscape level were chosen
as representative metrics. The results indicated that there were significant differences between the 2-D and 3-D landscape pattern metrics at the patch level, landscape level, and class level. The AA. interpret the differences as errors in the 2-D metrics
. The errors depend on the metric and the landscape type, and the errors for different landscape types were inconsistent. Whether these errors affect further interpretation of the role of pattern in landscape ecology remains uncertain.
[b1] School of Geographical Sciences, Univ., Guangzhou, Chine
[b2] Guangdong Inst. of Eco-Environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangzhou, Chine
[b3] Inst. of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Chine
Management of cultural landscapes : what does this mean in the former Soviet Union ? A case study from Latvia
Cultural landscape ; Land use ; Landscape ; Landscape dynamics ; Latvia ; Nature conservation ; Rural area ; Rural parish
In countries of the former Soviet Union the landscape underwent many changes as a result of agricultural collectivisation and its aftermath. This situation has been analysed for six sample rural municipalities (pagasts) in Latvia. All sampled
pagasts had experienced significant landscape change during the Soviet times that replaced the pre-Soviet character with a new ‘ideological landscape’.
[b2] Faculty of Geography and Earth Sciences, University of Latvia, Riga, Lettonie
This paper highlights some of the new research fields in landscape ecology, which has developed rapidly over the last 2 decades. The AA. also analyse the development of some classical branches of landscape ecology regarding pattern and process
relationships at broad spatial and temporal scales, such as landscape metrics, the influence of anthropogenic factors and global climate change on landscape development, the fragmentation of ecosystems and disturbances of populations, and material and energy
[b2] Inst. of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, Chine
Landscapes and Narratives : Compositions and the Walking Body
Routing Landscape : Ethnographic Studies of Movement and Journey
Human body ; Landscape ; Social geography
This paper explores how landscapes are narrated through the activity of walking. It follows the footsteps of walkers as they traverse different kinds of terrains in different circumstances and aims to examine how the walking body and the landscape
as entwined entities shape each other. The focus is on narrative compositions and how they appear in the landscape through the course of walking. The paper starts by exploring two different types of compositions and then analyses how walking narratives
are composed through the connections and disconnections of the walking body with the surroundings, creating a narrative landscape of absences and presences.
[b1] Department of Geography and Tourism, Institute of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Iceland, Islande
The book presents a systematical introduction in plans and working methods of genetic landscape-research. Geographical methods are considered as well as scientific archaeological and theoretical methods. Several chapters deal with relics of cultural
landscapes as a storage medium and with the investigation of the infrastructural development of the European landscape, cultivated by man.
Action anthropique ; Azerbajdzanskaja SSR ; Coefficient d'anthropisation ; Domaine aride ; Dégradation de l'environnement ; Géographie de l'Europe ; Irrigation ; Mise en valeur agricole ; Paysage anthropisé ; Science du paysage ; Type de paysage
Some theoretic and methodic questions of anthropogenous landscapesciences as well as the main trends of anthropogenization of the landscapes, characteristics of the nature and anthropogenic landscapes distribution and dynamics are considered
in the article. The main trends of the modern landscapes development are determined.
France ; French school ; Geographic school ; Landscape ; Landscapescience
Ecole française ; Ecole géographique ; France ; Paysage ; Science du paysage
Brève description de l'état de la science du paysage en France. Concept, emploi du terme de paysage, formation d'une nouvelle perception. Le paysage est l'objet d'études interdisciplinaires.
Bibliography ; Geographer's role ; Geomorphology ; Hungary ; Landscapescience ; Twentieth Century
Bibliographie ; Géomorphologie ; Hongrie ; PÉCSI (M.) ; Rôle du géographe ; Science du paysage ; Siècle 20
Márton Pécsi was one of the outstanding and world famous Hungarian geographers of the twentieth century. His main research activities included geomorphology, quaternary geology and loess chronology, he made a significant contribution to landscape
research, too. He applied systems analysis in his theoretical investigations on landscape and environment and elaborated the concept of the total geographical environment of the society. He played an important role in the preparation of the map of landscape
types of Hungary as well as in the development of the system of landscape classification of the country. His theoretical work provided a good basis for practical applications. The methods for the identification of environmental and landscape potentials
The goal of this article is to identify key reasons for the continuing confusion about the meaning of landscape in human geography and other social sciences. It offers a new perspective on landscape as a socially relevant environment, which can
Cultural landscape ; Historical geography ; Landscape ; Landscapescience ; Life cycle ; Northern Russia ; Russia
Cycle de vie ; Cycle séculaire ; Géographie historique ; Paysage ; Paysage culturel ; Russie ; Russie du Nord ; Science du paysage
Le problème du temps dans la science du paysage ethnoculturel. Le cycle de vie séculaire du paysage culturel et ses indicateurs. Tableau des caractéristiques complexes du Nord russe.
Differences in preferences towards potential future landscapes in the Swiss Alps
Environmental conservation ; Land use ; Landscape ; Landscape esthetics ; Perception ; Preference ; Reforestation ; Switzerland
This study aims to identify and explain preferences towards potential future landscapes : between landscape settings at different elevation belts ; between a group of local residents and the general Swiss population ; between social groups within
[b1] Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Social Sciences in Landscape Research Group, Birmensdorf, Suisse
Placing livestock in landscape studies : pastures new or out to graze?
Animals and the landscape
Cattle ; Landscape ; Livestock ; Relations between human and animal bodies ; Research ; United Kingdom
The paper reviews research on livestock and landscape. It argues that farm animals have started to occupy a central position in landscape studies, opening up many new pastures for research. Using the example of cattle in the UK, the AA. consider how
these differences. The article calls for academics, practitioners and policy-makers to pay greater attention to the myriad ways in which livestock and landscape are intertwined.
[b1] School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Science, Plymouth University, Plymouth, Royaume-Uni
Sacred structures in the landscape : the case of rural Czechia
Former Czechoslovakia ; Regional identity ; Religious practice ; Rural landscape ; Sacred place ; Semiotics of space ; Sense of belonging ; Typology ; cultural landscape ; regional identity ; religious landscape ; rural Czechia ; sacred structures
landscapes. The paper considers whether sacred structures support the idea of multiple and fundamentally different rural areas. Five types of rural, religious landscapes are identified, supporting the idea that multiple types of rural areas exist in Czechia.
[b1] Department of Social Geography and Regional Development, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Tcheque, Republique
Botany ; Danube ; Geomorphology ; Hungary ; Island ; Land use ; Landscape ; Microclimate ; Soil science
This paper summarises the results of a geomorphological and landscape analytical research on a sample area, the Szentendre island in the Danube. On the basis of detailed geomorphological, pedological, botanical surveys and micro-climatological
observations, the main landscape units (geotope groups) are identified and proposals for optimal land uses are made. - (JS)
Pokus o novu definiciu krajinnek ekologie (geoekologie). (An attempt at a new definition of landscape ecology-geoecology)
Landscape ecology (geoecology) is a science of rise, evolution, behaviour and spatial organization of complex regional units as integrated formations being studied through a geoecosystems approach. (MS).