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Geography as landscape ecology

Geography as landscape ecology
Special issue. Agriculture - systems - landscapes - resources
Concept ; Denmark ; Ecology ; Geographic school ; Geography ; Human ecology ; Land use ; Landscape ; Landscape structure ; Sustainable development
The tradition of geography as human ecology introduced to Danish geography by Sofus Christiansen is taken as a departure for an evaluation of present endeavour to promote geography as landscape ecology. The modest role in human ecology of human
adaptation to landscape structure and dynamics is stressed. The challenge for geography in the development of a transdisciplinary landscape ecology as foundation for the planning and management of landscape ecological aspects of local and regional

Landscape ecology and biogeography

Landscape ecology and biogeography
Biogeography ; Concept ; Ecology ; Ecosystem ; Forest ; Habitat ; Landscape ; Nature park ; Nature reserve ; Population dynamics ; Soil conservation
The A. discusses the application of landscape ecological principles to a specific and pressing issue: nature reserve design and functioning. He reviews 5 landscape ecological themes with relevance to reserve design and management. He studies
: the role that landscape ecological theories may have in integrating existing principles from applied biogeography and population biology; the unique insights provided by a landscape ecological approach. Finally, he argues that biogeographers need to be more
active in the development and advancement of landscape ecological theory.

Landscape ecology. Geographical research direction or an interdisciplinary research programme?

Landscape ecology. Geographical research direction or an interdisciplinary research programme?
The landscape ecology existing in geography since the time of A. von HUMBOLDT, was named landscape physiology . Since C. TROLL (1939) obtained the name landscape ecology . From the point of view of geography it is a complex research aiming
to the rational space organisation of landscape. As an interdisciplinary applied research programme it is open to biology and other landscape sciences. - (MS)

The progress and perspectives of landscape ecology in China

The progress and perspectives of landscape ecology in China
China ; Concept ; Ecology ; Environmental management ; History of sciences ; Land use ; Landscape dynamics ; Landscape ecology ; Methodology ; Model
The major progress of landscape ecology in China was in the fields of land-use structure and ecological processes, landscape pattern and dynamics analysis, theoretical and methodological development, and landscape ecological applications. After

Pokrajinskoekološka členitev Zgornje Gorenjske

Ecology ; Landscape ecology ; Landscape structure ; Slovenia ; Zoning
The landscape-ecological methodological approach is due to its holistic approach most suitable for the study of relations between separate landscape-ecological units and their impacts on land-use and human activities. The Upper Gorenjska region
was divided into 5 landscape-ecological types and 19 landscape-ecological units. Landscape-ecological types and landscape-ecological units showed a high inner differentiation of the studied area, which is not clearly detected in the existing territorial units
, such as cadastral districts, councils, etc. The homogeneity of landscape-ecological types and landscape-ecological units enabled a simpler interpretation of the obtained data and, in turn, better results. - (IKR)

Biogeography and landscape ecology : the way forward - gradients and graph theory

Biogeography and landscape ecology : the way forward - gradients and graph theory
Bibliography ; Biogeography ; Climatic change ; Ecology ; Landscape ecology ; Methodology ; Palaeo-ecology ; Soil science
Following the previous report on this subject, published in 2007, there has been a very substantial increase in publications relevant to landscape ecology. The continuing identity crisis of landscape ecology is described and recent literature
in the field is then summarized under the following headings : Landscape ecology and climate research; Alternatives to fragmentation and the patch-based model - the links between pattern and process; Fragmentation research; Methodology and techniques
in landscape ecology; and Connectivity and graph theoretical approaches. The review concludes that landscape ecology now represents one important focus within biogeography, linked to ecological biogeography, and takes its place alongside other key foci

Spatio-temporal differentiation of landscape ecological niche in western ecological frangible region : a case study of Yan'an region in northwestern China

Spatio-temporal differentiation of landscape ecological niche in western ecological frangible region : a case study of Yan'an region in northwestern China
Arid area ; China ; Ecological niche ; Ecosystem ; Landscape ecology ; Model ; Shaanxi ; Spatial analysis ; Statistics
The AA. attempt here to put forward a conception of landscape ecological niche, enlightened by the international scholars on extending the ecological niche theory from spatial to functional niche. The results show that from 1987 to 2000, towards
Yan'an region, spatial attribute value of landscape ecological niche changes with an obvious increment, and functional attribute value change with a little increment, both of which enhance the regional landscape ecological niche. Towards each county
, spatial attribute value of landscape ecological niche increases to different extent while functional attribute value changes dissimilarly with an increment or a decrement.

The landscape-ecological plan in the process of rural landscape development supported by SAPARD

The landscape-ecological plan in the process of rural landscape development supported by SAPARD
Common agricultural policy ; Ecology ; Environmental management ; Land use ; Landscape ; Planning ; Rural development ; Slovak Republic
The aim of this article is to point to the possible interface between landscape-ecological planning and programmes supported by the European Community. Priorities and measures embraced by SAPARD (Special Accession Programme for Agriculture and Rural
Development) were used in a landscape-ecological plan applied at the local level. The study area is situated in the Trnavska Pahorkatina Hill land (northern part of the Danubian Lowland), one of the most fertile regions of Slowakia.

The skeleton of geography in landscape ecology

The skeleton of geography in landscape ecology
Environmental problems are a challenge for both the geography and ecology to work out a synthesis in landscape ecology and harmonise nature conservation and economic development. After physical geography contemporary human geography is taking part
in topics: landscape perception, regional planning, information systems, spatial diffusion, management, etc. (MS).

Tajokologiai modszerek a területi tervezésben. (Landscape ecological methods in regional planning)

Tajokologiai modszerek a területi tervezésben. (Landscape ecological methods in regional planning)
Landscape ecological planning (LANDEP) is a complex, goal-oriented method which is aimed at a proposal for the optimal use of the landscape. There is an important application for environmental protection, since the ecological damage deriving from

Kierunki standaryzacji metod badan krajobrazu do celow praktycznych

Ecology ; Landscape ecology ; Methodology
The growing interest in scientifically based landscape protection and sustainable management strengthens the need for the standardization of landscape ecological approaches necessary to solve practical problems. The main fields
of such standardization cconcern are : terminology, the typology of geocomplexes and landscapes units, procedures for identifying fragile places and/or key structures and processes within landscapes, a list of threshold values for chosen landscape attributes for chosen
landscape attributes, a system of landscape indicators, and a general approach to landscape monitoring. - (BJ).

A quantitative method for analysing landscape structure

A quantitative method for analysing landscape structure
Biogeography ; Denmark ; Ecology ; Environmental management ; Geographical information system ; Jylland ; Landscape ; Landscape structure ; Quantitative analysis
This paper sketches out a method for a quantitative description of landscape structure, which can be used for biologically optimal landscape management. The approach suggested is based on a landscape ecological framework and emphasis is laid
on spatial characterisation of the landscape. It aims at supplementing conventional landscape descriptive parameters of biological importance, which are derived from a range of empirical data, with a spatial characterization. The method is implemented
in a vector-based GIS (ArcView) and allows quantification of landscape structure in different landscape types. Suggestions to further development of the method are discussed.

Ecological and hydrological state of wetlands of the cultural European landscape

Ecological and hydrological state of wetlands of the cultural European landscape
Cultural landscape ; Czech Republic ; Danube ; Ecology ; Europe ; Humid environment ; Hungary ; Hydrology ; Landscape
Protected Landscape Area in the Czech Republic and the Mohács Island in the Danube in Southern Hungary. - (JS)

Future options in landscape ecology : development and research

Future options in landscape ecology : development and research
Bibliography ; Climatic change ; Ecology ; Ecosystem ; Environmental management ; Global change ; Human impact ; Landscape ecology ; Landscape esthetics ; Marine environment ; Natural hazards ; Perception ; Preventive measure
This paper highlights some of the new research fields in landscape ecology, which has developed rapidly over the last 2 decades. The AA. also analyse the development of some classical branches of landscape ecology regarding pattern and process
relationships at broad spatial and temporal scales, such as landscape metrics, the influence of anthropogenic factors and global climate change on landscape development, the fragmentation of ecosystems and disturbances of populations, and material and energy
[b2] Inst. of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, Chine

Quantifying landscape structure: a review of landscape indices and their application to forested landscapes

Quantifying landscape structure: a review of landscape indices and their application to forested landscapes
Applied ecology ; Biodiversity ; Forest ; Forestry ; Habitat ; Landscape ; Methodology ; Scale ; Topography ; United Kingdom ; Vegetation dynamics ; Vegetation index
they might make to the management of forested landscapes in the UK. It is concluded that there is a pressing need for further research into the relationship between landscape pattern and ecological process.
This study reviews some of the tools available to those who need to describe and understand the spatial structure of landscapes. In particular, it examines the way in which quantitative measures, or indices, can be used and what contribution

Patterns of correlation among landscape metrics

Patterns of correlation among landscape metrics
Correlation ; Fractals ; Landscape ; Landscape ecology ; Methodology ; Spatial distribution
The aim of this research is to gain a better understanding of the effects of spatial representation in landscape ecology. Nine hundred artificial landscapes were generated with varying spatial patterns created using a fractal landscape generator
with 3D fractal dimensions ranging from 2.1 to 2.9. The 3D landscapes were reduced to 2D patterns by putting the cells into 5 classes. Forty-four landscape metrics were used to measure the resulting 2D landscape spatial patterns, and the relations of 9

Landscapes, space and equilibrium : shifting viewpoints

Landscapes, space and equilibrium : shifting viewpoints
Bibliography ; Biogeography ; Concept ; Ecology ; Ecosystem ; Equilibrium model ; Landscape ecology ; Model ; Research ; Scale ; Spatial analysis ; Years 1980-89 ; Years 1990-99
in hydrological models has paralleled developments in ecological models) they are considered here in that light and especially within the context of landscape and disturbance ecologies.
This review outlines the key changes in issues of equilibrium in ecosystems and the emergence of spatial ecology, and attempts to link the two. Although the issues considered are not solely limited to ecology (for example the consideration of space

Geo-ecology and the conservation management of sensitive upland landscapes in Scotland

Geo-ecology and the conservation management of sensitive upland landscapes in Scotland
Landscape sensitivity : principles and applications in northern cool temperate environments
Environmental management ; Geo-ecology ; Geomorphology ; Habitat ; Inherited features ; Landscape dynamics ; Mountain ; Scotland ; Sensitivity analysis ; Soil conservation ; United Kingdom
The concept of geomorphological sensitivity provides a useful starting point for identifying sensitive upland landscapes. This paper develops a geo-ecological pespective which unites both habitat and ecological dependencies in fragile upland

Paleoökológiai különbségek átöröklödése a jelenbe

Ecology ; Forest soil ; Hungary ; Landscape ; Paleo-ecology ; Paleo-environment ; Paleogeography ; Pedogenesis ; Pleistocene ; Quaternary
A landscape ecological study based on numerous examples and data, investigating that to what extent the zonal and azonal landscape features of Hungary are a geohistoric―natural historic heritage, and how the natural-ecological processes, the spatial

Geomorphic process-disturbance corridors : a variation on a principle of landscape ecology

Geomorphic process-disturbance corridors : a variation on a principle of landscape ecology
Avalanche ; Ecology ; Geomorphology ; Landscape ecology ; Mass movement ; Snow

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