Spatial prediction of river channel topography by kriging
Using survey data from a restored gravel-bed river, the AA. demonstrate how transformation to the channel-centered coordinate system facilitates interpretation of the variogram, a statistical model of reach-scale spatial structure used in kriging
, and how the choice of a trend model affects the variogram of the residuals from that trend. Similarly, the AA. show how decomposing kriging predictions into their trend and residual components can yield useful information on channel morphology. Cross
-validation analyses involving different data configurations and kriging variants indicate that kriging is quite robust and that survey density is the primary control on the accuracy of bed elevation predictions. The root mean-square error of these predictions
and parent material. The final digital soil maps were elaborated using regression kriging. The variance explained by the regression kriging models was estimated as 13% and 37% for soil organic carbon and clay respectively. These results were confirmed
sites were kriged to create smoothed surfaces of cap thickness and various textural attributes. The AA. suggest that, during the latter phases of the Port Huron advance, while the Manistee River was still carrying glacial meltwater, the Buckley Flats