A new lichenometric dating curve for southeast Iceland
Dating ; Eighteenth Century ; Iceland ; Lichenometry ; Moraine ; Nineteenth Century ; Palaeogeography ; Reliability ; Twentieth Century
This study uses 9 reliably dated surfaces covering the last 270 years within southeast Iceland to construct a regional lichenometric dating curve. The growth of lichen species within Rhizocarpon Section Rhizocarpon is non-linear over time
, with larger (older) thalli apparently growing more slowly. Reasons for the non-linearity of the new dating curve are probably physiological, although climatic change over the last 3 centuries cannot be ruled out. Use of linear growth curves in Iceland
The aim of this paper is : to understand the genesis and preservation of interglacial deposits in northern Iceland; and to discuss the significance of these deposits in terms of rift activity, volcanism, paleoseismicity and their link
Lichenometric dating in southeast Iceland : the size-frequency approach
Dating ; Ecology ; Geochronology ; Iceland ; Lichenometry ; Little ice age ; Moraine ; Palaeo-environment
This paper presents a calibrated dating curve based on the gradient of the size-frequency distribution of yellow-green Rhizocarpon lichens. The dating potential of this new curve is tested on surfaces of known ages in southeast Iceland
the last c. 400 years, in the maritime subpolar climate of southeast Iceland.
Rifting above a mantle plume : structure and development of the Iceland Plateau
Magmatism and tectonics in Iceland. Special issue
Earth surface processes ; Fault ; Iceland ; Magma ; Model ; Oceanic ridge ; Rift ; Tectonics
The interaction of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge with the North Atlantic Mantle Plume has produced a magmatic plateau centered about Iceland. After a brief review of the tectonics of slow-spreading ridges, the AA. introduce the geological framework
of Iceland. Then, they critically review previous accretion models. From a structural synthesis, including new field observations, they produce cross-sections of Holocene and extinct volcanic systems. On the basis of these cross-sections, they propose
Iceland is often assumed to be a good analogue to study the oceanic ridges. This short review highlights strong differences in terms of deformation pattern and magmatism distribution. These differences come from the large magma supply induced
by the hot spot below the ridge but also from the presence of the large ice cap over part of the island. However, in terms of morphology, geology and climate, Iceland provides exceptional opportunity to characterise interactions between mantle hot spot
Glaziäre Entwässerung und Sanderbildung am Kotlujokull, Südisland. (Glacier drainage and sandar genesis at the Kotlujokull, South Iceland)
Research of some years at the 8 km long south-eastern glacier margin of Kotlujokull in South Iceland concerned the correlation of the manner of glacier drainage with the genesis of sandar, examplified by the recent evolution of a glacier foreland
Glazial-und Periglazialuntersuchungen im Skidadalur, Trollaskagi (N-Island). (Glacial and periglacial investigations in Skidadalur, Trollaskagi (N-Iceland))
In the Trollaskagi area (N-Iceland) both glacial and periglacial environments were intensively investigated in order to make a fundamental comparison with the results of research on Alpine climatic history.
Greetings from Iceland. Ash-falls and volcanic aerosols in Scandinavia
A brief account of ash-falls and aerosols from historical volcanic eruptions in Iceland that have affected Scandinavia is given with special reference to the noxious effects of aerosols from the Lakagigar eruption of 1783 registered in contemporary
In Iceland, tectonics and volcanism, due to lithospheric spreading at the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, occurred during the last glaciation beneath an ice sheet approximately 1000 m thick. From a reconstruction of the flow patterns of this ice sheet, and from
On the Leitin shield volcano in SW Iceland the area distribution of tumuli is mainly controled by the plan curvature. A density increase in tumuli is associated with peaks in the plan convexity. This follows because high plan convexity forces
This paper focuses on field studies and numerical models of fracture development in the area of the Hengill Central Volcano and its northern fissure swarm containing the Thingvellir Graben, in Southwest Iceland. Apart from additional field data
Brown and Ward (1996) have brought attention to the importance of topography on snow accumulation. Surveying the mountainous region north of Myrdalsjökull in southern Iceland, they offer an alternative view with a bottom-up model of initial
A gravel outwash/deformation till continuum, Skalafellsjokull, Iceland
Fluvioglacial features ; Glacier fluctuation ; Iceland ; Lithostratigraphy ; Little ice age ; Palaeogeography ; Sedimentology ; Stratigraphy
A stratigraphic sequence exposed by river erosion in the foreland of Skalafellsjokull, southern Iceland, displays 5 lithofacies documenting glaciofluvial deposition followed by glaciotectonic disturbance and subglacial deformation. The whole
The extent of some glaciers in Northern Iceland during the little ice age and the nature of recent deglaciation
Lichenometric studies from four glaciers in Northern Iceland are used to determine the dates of their Little Ice Age maxima. In all cases these date to the last half of the nineteenth century and probably marked the maximum Neoglacial extent
of the glaciers. Comparison of the pattern of subsequent deglaciation and meteorological records from the area indicates a likely relationship between changes in the mass balance of glaciers in Northern Iceland and mean summer temperatures.
Permafrost aggradation caused by tephra accumulation over snow-covered surfaces : examples from the Hekla-2000 eruption in Iceland
Conceptual model ; Iceland ; Impact ; Periglacial features ; Permafrost ; Pyroclastic ; Volcanic eruption ; Volcanism
The aim of this paper is an analysis of tephra accumulation on a pre-eruption winter snow cover and its influence on permafrost aggradation. Based on multi-annual field observations at the Hekla volcano, southern Iceland, a conceptual model
Changes in deposition on a colluvial fan during the upper Holocene in the Tindastóll Mountain, Skagafjördur District, North Iceland : preliminary results
The aims of this study are to characterize the spatial and temporal colluvial fan dynamics in northern Iceland for present-day active slope dynamics, and to examine fan development during the Upper Holocene period.