This text presents the position of floods among various natural hazards which is discussed from the point of view of predictibility or occurrence regularity. Internal links between different types of hazardous processes and the role of complexity
Between 186 B.C. and A.D. 1987, landslides in China have illed more than 250 000 people. Besides an historical summary of these catastrophes, the A. offers a list of measures for reducing the landslide hazard. - (DWG)
Discussion of maps, all from the USA, that elicit natural hazards involving floods, landslides, earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, permafrost, shoreline erosion and subsidence. - (DWG)
This paper describes the use of geomorphological mapping in the assessment of the natural hazards along a highway in eastern Taiwan, Taroko Gorge. Detailed records of the size and occurrence of rockfalls and landslides affecting the highway have
been obtained and analyzed and, by combining these data with the geomorphological and geological data, a hazard assessment map has been produced for the highway. This map may be used to improve the development of the highway, decreasing the danger
the actual aspect of a landscape corresponds to the instantaneous dynamic equilibrium between them. Extremely small accidental pertubations can cause the system to become unstable, leading to rapid changes in the landscape which are experienced as hazard
Natural hazards of shoreline bluff erosion: a case study of Horizon View, Lake Huron
Geomorphology and natural hazards
Canada ; Erosion ; Lake ; Land use ; Modelling ; Natural hazards ; Ontario ; Regional planning ; Sediment transport ; Shoreline
, at the cottage community of Horizon View, north of Goderich, Ontario, examines the natural and human components which have led to the development of bluff erosion hazards.
Social and cultural aspects of natural hazards perception and response
Attitude ; Education ; Information ; Man-environment relations ; Natural hazards ; New Zealand ; Perception ; Social group
Focus groups conducted in two urban areas in New Zealand explored perceptions of natural hazards and disaster preparedness. The groups were structured by socio-economic status, gender, age, and cultural background. Participants were aware of major
hazard events but few had prepared emergency plans. People held an optimistic attitude, believing they could cope with disaster.
An improved methodology for erosion hazard mapping : part II : application to Lesotho
Using the SLEMSA framework as a model for combining the influence of the variables, the information was organized on a 14 x 14 km grid to give an erosion hazard map of Lesotho. Practical and methodological difficulties are discussed. Slope
and rainfall are the dominant factors, and they largely explain the variation in Erosion Hazard Units from 64 in the southern lowlands to 3230 in the north-eastern mountains. Lesotho is confirmed as having the highest erosion hazard of any single country
Natural hazards and risks : the view from the junction of natural and social sciences
Catastrophe ; Natural hazards ; Research ; Social sciences
The current emphasis on the research of natural hazards and risks has been widely recognized and possible mitigation of their effects is of crucial importance for the whole society. The paper introduces the significant contributions of both natural
and social sciences into the research of the natural hazards and risks and stresses that the knowledge gained in both of these disciplines constitute a solid complex that can be used and applied in a particular case of a natural disaster. - (EN)
Land hazards of the Kushiro-Oki earthquake of 15 January 1993
Natural hazard mitigation
Catastrophe ; Debris flow ; Degradation ; Earthquake ; Hokkaido ; Infrastructure ; Japan ; Mass movement ; Natural hazards
hazards to civil engineering structures including lifeline facilities. Regarding the lifeline system, not only structural damage of the components but also functional damage of the entire systems are of importance.
The first part of this paper presents the international recommendations and the two main approaches - anticipatory and reactive - to geomorphological hazards in New Zealand. In the second part, the New Zealand approaches are discussed and evaluated
Environmental hazards and mitigation in the U.S. Middle Atlantic coastal zone
Major meteorological and hydrological hazards such as maritime storms, sea-fog, coastal floods, dune blowouts, nearshore ice drift and thermo-abrasion are periodic phenomena that adversely impact Middle Atlantic coastlines. Secular changes
in coastal morphology related to eustatic factors require long term management strategies that focus on public responsibility for definitive hazard policy. Human response to vulnerability and risk in the example of New York's Long Island is linked
Geological hazards, vulnerability, and risk assessment using GIS: model for Glenwood Springs, Colorado
Geomorphology and natural hazards
Colorado ; Debris flow ; Flood ; Geographical information system ; Land use ; Natural hazards ; Soil properties ; United States ; Vegetation
This paper presents a method that uses Geographic Information System (GIS) to assess geological hazards, vulnerability, and risk in the Glenwood Springs area. The hazards evaluated include subsidence, rockfall, debris flows, and floods. The AA
. focus on debris flows and subsidence. Information on topography, hydrology, precipitation, geomorphic processes, bedrock and surficial geology, structural geology, soils, vegetation, and land use, was processed for hazard assessment using a series
An information system for large scale quantitative hazard analyses of landslides
Geographical information system ; Geotechnics;Engineering geology ; Land use ; Landslide ; Mass movement ; Natural hazards ; Slope
For the production of large scale quantitative landslide hazard maps a deterministic slope failure package (SLAN) is developed. This package consists of several programs. They are based on existing geotechnical models and linked with a Geographical
Information System (GIS). A part of a large scale quantitative hazard map has been used as a study area and is compared with a qualitative hazard map. It is argued that with the same knowledge of the spatial distribution of landslide factors the proposed
computer assisted quantitative approach must give better estimates of the degree of hazard.
Czech Republic ; Hazard ; Modelling ; National park ; Natural hazards ; Quantitative analysis ; Rockfall ; Sandstone
Quantitative rockfall hazard and specific risk assessment of the selected municipalities within the České Švýcarsko National Park was performed using two rockfall hazard analysis modelling codes. CONEFALL and RockFall Analyst codes were used
to delimit rockfall hazard regions. Specific risk to buildings was consequently assessed using results from the hazard analysis and literature-derived vulnerability values. Results of hazard and risk assessments for two nearby municipalities were compared