Avohakkuualueen supan lämpoolojen vaikutus puunkasvuun Lammin Kilparistillä (The impact of the microclimate on tree growth in a kettle hole in a deforested area in Lammi, southern Finland)
On clear nights with little or no wind strong outgoing radiation causes cold air to flow down the slopes and rapidly fill the deepest part of the kettle hole. In the cold nights at the beginning of the growth period, frost affected the lowest
branches of the spruces growing in the lower parts of the kettle hole, and smaller trees were totally frozen. Tree growth increased in the upper slopes of the kettle hole, where the trees have survived the radiation shock following the deforestation.
Solle als Dokumente der Eisdynamik. (Kettle holes as documents of ice-dynamics)
South-Western of Rostock a number of kettle holes are to be found, which are located in the form of garlands. This phenomenon is discussed and interpreted as a result of the movement dynamics of glaciers.
In South Eastern Iceland, some ice-contact features are described, at the foot of Vatnajokull especially| the development of kettle holes is the result of fast modifications of sandur areas and moraines by the melting out of glacier ice. Two main
kinds of kettle holes are distinguished: kettles resulting from the melting out of icebergs swept away by glacier bursts (jokulhaups), collapse structures in glacial and fluvioglacial deposits after burying of dead when ice margins retreat.
Near Tournai, the covered karst of the Carboniferous limestone is manifesting itself at the surface, where many deep gaping holes, called puits naturels (natural pits), appear on certain conditions which induce underground collapses. (LW).
. In addition along two sections Quaternary and Upper Pliocene strata were revealed by medium depth bore-hole (100 to 1500 m) to get a knowledge of the younger history of the Great Plain and to disclose the best aquifer strata under the surface and the quantity
A palynological and stratigraphical study has been performed on glacial, interglacial and interstadial deposits outcropping in the Dranse river valley and which have been reached by two drill holes (Sionnex and Royal) near Evian. Ages
The Upper Pleistocene sediments of the Aschenhütte sink-hole (west of Herzberg am Harz, Lower Saxony, West Germany) enable one to make interesting correlations between palynological and geological results. The sequence is composed of limnic-telmatic
). The autocorrelation functions of water reserves and their changes in time under natural and artificial moistening are shown. The minimal number of holes, necessary for the estimation (with a given error and stated probability) of mean values of moisture reserves in 0
About 100 natural wells or sink-holes (93 from 1955 to 1983) are known in the Tournais area. They are due to deep karst dissolution. Areas favourable to natural wells include the infiltration area of the Carboniferous Limestone groundwater
Among many analysis the cuttings of two bore-holes (1970) on the submerged Plateau de Salonique allowed the main following conclusions: The Birth of Olymp must be placed between the late Pliocene and the early Quaternary. There were many tectonic