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Hedges and shelterbelts on the Canterbury plains, New Zealand : transformation of an antipodean landscape
Biogeography ; Colonization ; Hedge ; New Zealand ; Plain ; Rural landscape ; Settlement ; South Island ; Tree
. The paper focuses on the development and distribution of the hedges and shelterbetts as features of the built landscape.

Maintaining the rural landscape. Expectations and costs of hedging
Agricultural intensification ; Agricultural land use ; Cultural landscape ; Hedge ; Investment ; Landscape ; New Zealand ; Rural planning ; South Island

The avifauna of hedges and its seasonal variations was studied throughout a yearly cycle in the Autunois central France. The total number and the diversity of birds found on each plot was strongly correlated with certain characteristics
of the hedges : physiognomy, stratification and volume of vegetation. Plots containing treeless hedges which were trimmed every year had a less abundant and a less varied avifauna.

A fuzzy set approach to using linguistic hedges in geographical information systems

Hedged real estate portfolios and the wealth redistribution effect of real estate option

Roughly linear forest patches are common in subalpine environments, including hedges, ribbon forest, and Shimagare or wave regenerated forests (waves). The influence of wind is common among these patterns, but the role of positive feedback, the most
important component of self-organization in biological systems varies. Hedges and waves can develop endogenously with a constant wind, and so can be considered self-organizing. Most ribbon forests seem to be dominated by exogenous forces.

The woody species of hedges with special reference to age in Church Broughton Parish, Derbyshire

Contour cultivation, the establishment of contour ridges and contour hedges, the best suited way of tilling, are some of the great number of proven techniques which could be employed simultaneously for soil conservation and soil improvement. - (L'A.).

Agropedology ; Brittany ; Caesium-137 ; France ; Geochemistry ; Hedge ; Ille-et-Vilaine ; Model ; Soil erosion ; Space time
In this study, soil redistribution patterns, generated by both water and tillage erosion, were estimated in the vicinity of hedges in an agricultural landscape. Two complementary methods were employed to estimate soil redistribution from 1960
to 2010 : 137Cs conversion models and a spatially distributed soil erosion model (LandSoil model). Both methods determined that hedges affected soil redistribution patterns, which led to soil deposition or limited soil erosion uphill from hedges, even
though soil erosion rates were consistently higher than soil deposition rates. The impact of tillage on soil redistribution in the vicinity of hedges was found to be higher than that of water processes because 87% of net soil redistribution was linked

Nineteenth-century reformers who weaned geography teaching in the USA away from rote methods included R. Davidson, N. Hedges, W. Woodbridge and A. Guyot. But, in so doing, they were also uncritical in their acceptance of environmental determinism

Textural analyses were conducted in order to quantify the soil status in two nearby fields with 80 m and 200 m spacing of shelter hedges with unequal wind exposure and within the fields themselves. Chosen soil status indicators are the content

Deux-Sèvres ; France ; Hedge ; Landscape ; Poitou-Charentes ; Rural life ; Wood industry

of four kinds of structures are compared. The hedge row agroforestry system on slopeland is an effective way to realize coordinate development of ecology and economy.

Les bocages, répartition et typologie

Enclosed landscape ; France ; Hedge ; Land consolidation ; Rural landscape ; Western France

Mid Wales : missing the point

Brown soil ; China ; Hedge ; Heilongjiang ; Hill ; North-Eastern China ; Runoff ; Slope ; Soil erosion

Agrarian structure ; Hedge ; Land consolidation ; Luxembourg ; Rural area ; Rural landscape ; Tree ; Vegetation ; Vegetation dynamics

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