The effect of rock fragment size and position on topsoil moisture on arid and semi-arid hillslopes
The main aim of this study was to analyze the effects of rock fragments in various sizes and positions on arid and semi-arid hillslopes on the topsoil moisture contents from the end of rain events until the end of the dry season. The research
Effect of altered flow regime on bankfull area of the Lower Yellow River, China
This paper presents a study on the effects of altered discharge and suspended sediment load on the bankfull area at Gaocun, a representative hydrometric station in the Lower Yellow River. The analysis demonstrates the cumulative effect of previous
Lithological effects in soil formation and soil slips on weathering-limited slopes underlain by granitic bedrocks in Japan
Soil slips occur every few years due to heavy rains on biotite granite and hornblende biotite granite slopes in the Taga Mountains, Ibaraki Prefecture. The AA.examine the effect of bedrock mineral composition on soil-layer structures and its effect
Wood storage in three mountain streams of the Southern Andes and its hydro-morphological effects
This study analyses large wood (LW) storage and the associated effects on channel morphology and flow hydraulics in three third-order mountain basins covered in old-growth Nothofagus forests, ranging from the temperate warm Chilean Andean Cordillera
to the sub-Antarctic Tierra del Fuego (Argentina). Amount, characteristics and dimensions of large wood were recorded, as well as their effects on stream morphology, hydraulics and sediment storage. Results show that major differences in LW abundance exist
The effects of surface moisture on aeolian sediment transport threshold and mass flux on a beach
This paper presents results from a study designed to explore the effects of beach surface moisture and fetch effects on the threshold of movement, intensity of sand transport by wind and mass flux. The experiment was carried out over a period of 5
Predicting the effect of tilling practices on wind erosion activity : application of the Wind Erosion Prediction System in a sand drift area in The Netherlands
-month experiment at Kootwijkerzand. The effectiveness of the techniques to reactivate the aeolian processes was measured by investigating their effect on the horizontal sediment flux. Furthermore, the Wind Erosion Prediction System was used to simulate
the effect of the different techniques. Both field experiment and model simulation showed that the most effective method is the beach sand cleaner, followed by the rotary cultivator.
Impact of plot length on the effectiveness of different soil-surface covers in reducing runoff and soil loss by water
The main aim of this review is to explore to what extent the impact of plot length on the effectiveness of different surface covers (rock fragments, organic mulch and vegetation) in reducing runoff and soil loss by water erosion emerges from
a worldwide data set. Furthermore, it is investigated whether there is a significant difference in runoff or erosion-reducing effectiveness between rock fragments, organic mulches and vegetation. Data from 65 experimental studies are collected and analysed
in this review. Finally, 2 equations are proposed describing the possible effect of plot length and cover by rock fragments, organic mulches and vegetation on relative runoff and soil loss by water erosion. These findings have important consequences
Recent forest limit changes in south-east Norway : effects of climate change or regrowth after abandoned utilisation ?
The forest limits of south-east Norway have expanded to higher altitudes. Two main processes are believed to cause these changes : regrowth after abandonment of human utilisation and recent climate changes. To separate the effects of these 2
). The recent upper potential climatic and edaphic forest limit (UPCEFL) was used to define the potential for forest regrowth after the abandonment of human utilisation. Forest height growth and climate data were then used to analyse any supplementary effect
, the data indicate a preliminary effect of climate change escalating the regrowth and probably pushing the future forest limits to higher altitudes.
Simulating the climatic effects on vegetation : approaches, issues and challenges
development of coupled dynamic vegetation models. Using a literature synthesis, this study provides researchers with a general guidance on applying vegetation models for simulating the effects of climatic variations on terrestrial vegetation.
), have been analysed to investigate whether climate affects the susceptibility of soils to water erosion. Using data collected in the USA and Italy an effect of mean monthly air temperature on Km could be identified. Data collected in Indonesia (where
A half-a-century record of annual energy expenditure and geomorphic effectiveness of the monsoon-fed Narmada River, central India
expenditure; 3) to compare the estimates of effective stream power with work thresholds. The channel morphology appears to be adjusted to catastrophic floods that occur at an interval of more than a century.
indicated that the spatial distributions of δ O 18 in precipitation could properly portray the moisture sources together with their transport pathways. Moreover, the amount effect, altitude effect, temperature effect and the correlation between δ O 18 vs
Rainfall-induced consolidation and sealing effects on soil erodibility during concentrated runoff for loess-derived topsoils
Flume experiments simulating concentrated runoff were carried out on remolded silt loam samples to measure the effect of rainfall-induced soil consolidation and soil surface sealing on soil erosion by concentrated flow for loess-derived soils
Modified MMF (Morgan-Morgan-Finney) model for evaluating effects of crops and vegetation cover on soil erosion
This paper describes modifications made to the MMF model to allow the effects of vegetation and crop cover on erosion to be expressed through measurable properties of plant architecture instead of empirically derived coefficients. Tests
In the paper the interrelation of Komló with its physical environment was investigated from a dual aspect. One the one hand the effects of the natural features on the development of the settlement were presented, and on the other hand
it was analysed of how the social-economic processes have controlled the state of the environment and what kind of actions are to be taken to mitigate the unfavourable effects. - (AM)