The thermal semi-conductor effect of crushed rocks
The AA. show that the cooling effect of closed and sloping rock layers is in the form of Rayleigh-Bénard convection, while that of open and inclined rock layers is via the chimney effect and wind-forced convection. Cooling has been observed
in numerical simulations, laboratory models and field mock-up experiments. Coarse rocks were widely used in the construction of the Qinghai-Xizang Railroad and temperature monitoring of their performance indicates that they do have a cooling effect
The effects of ryegrass roots and shoots on loess erosion under simulated rainfall
Four rainfall simulation experiments were conducted at an interval of 5 weeks to investigate the effects of ryegrass (Lolium perenne L. shoots and roots on soil erosion and runoff reductions. Results and discussion. Ryegrass planting could improve
The effect of land use/cover change on surface runoff in Shenzhen region, China
In this study, Buji River basin in Shenzhen Region was selected to analyse the effect of land use and cover change on surface runoff. Teledetection data are used. The impact of urbanization is discussed.
Effectiveness and geomorphological impacts of check dams for soil erosion control in a semiarid Mediterranean catchment : El Cárcavo (Murcia, Spain)
The effectiveness of transverse structures (check dams) and their effects on the morphology of ephemeral channels (ramblas) were investigated in a semiarid, highly degraded catchment. In the study area, 36 dams were surveyed, of which 29 were filled
The effect of single vegetation elements on wind speed and sediment transport in the Sahelian Zone of Burkina Faso
The aim of this study was to determine the effects of a single tree and shrub on wind speed and sediment transport in the Sahelian zone of Burkina Faso. First an overview will be given of the effects of sparse vegetation and single vegetation
Scaling the effects of riparian vegetation on cross-sectional characteristics of ephemeral mountain streams - a case study of Nahal Oren, Mt. Carmel, Israel
To assess the effect of trees and shrubs on stream structure on different spatial scales, the AA. tested the relationships between their percentage coverage in relation to width, depth and stream slope. This research was conducted during the winter
effects. Possibly the dense foliage of the shrubs reduces water velocities, thus further increasing bank stability.
The effect of transient conditions on an equilibrium permafrost-climate model
With a variable or changing climate, short-term energy imbalances between the active layer and permafrost result in transient departures from the equilibrium condition. This study examines the effects of such variability on an equilibrium permafrost
The aim of this paper is to determine the effect of flooding on soil fertility. To do this, the AA. examine spatial patterns in soil N, P and carbon (C) across the floodplain. The AA. use the data and a literature review to generate hypotheses
for the dominant processes affecting soil soil fertility on the floodplain and, by extension, the effects on fertility of changes in flood frequency. A better understanding of the effects of flooding on soil fertility and floodplain productivity should improve
(post-communist) period in the context of globalization process. The conclusions consider the statement that it is very difficult to distinguish the effects of joining the EU from the effects of other factors that are contributing to the world tourism
The study focuses on the effects of boom in the number of second homes and the spatial expansion of the holiday-recreation areas in Hungary in the 20th century. The process that started from the large cities and mainly from the well-to-do layers
significantly changed the spatial system of the effected settlements, their morphologies, fucntional division, infrastructure and land use. - (AM)
The AA. present a geotechnical stability analysis for the planar failure of riverbanks, which incorporates the effects of root reinforcement and surcharge for mature stands of woody riparian vegetation. The analysis relies on a new method
of representing the root distribution in the soil, which evaluates the effects of the vegetation's position on the bank.
Air temperature ; Architecture ; Radiation ; Sweden ; Temperature ; Urban climate ; Urban effect
The aim of this study is to analyse the development of nocturnal intra-urban cooling rates and air temperature differences. The sites have different building geometry (SVF) and are situated within a radius of 300 m to avoid distance effects
, and are aggravated by structural changes, which have social and economic consequences (Armstrong and Taylor 1993). It is widely realized that tourism can serve as an effective policy tool for regional and rural-urban disparities in China has not been systemically
examined. This paper attempts to fill this gap. Its main argument is that, in the case of China, the effectiveness of tourism development policies by a threefold dual structure of this development. - (IfL)