Glacial ice-flows on the islands of Bornholm and Christianso, Denmark
This paper contains results from studies of ice flow directions on the islands of Bornholm and Christianso, Denmark, as indicated by striae and other marks of glacial erosion on the bedrock surface.
A rational explanation of cross-profile morphology for glacial valleys and of glacial valley development
The purpose of this paper is, first to present an explanation of the cross-profile morphology based on the physical process of glacier flow and second to interpret development of the glacial valley cross-profile.
Glacial geomorphology around the Northern Patagonian Icefield indicates that a number of fast-flowing outlet glaciers drained the icefield during the Last Glacial Maximum. Here, a detailed regional map of glacial landforms around the Northern
Patagonian Icefield, data from satellite images and digital elevation model (DEM), ice thickness calculations, are presented and discussed. The influence of the fast-flowing outlet glaciers on icefield behavior may explain why the configuration
of the Northern Patagonian Icefield at the Last Glacial Maximum is not accurately represented in existing numerical ice-sheet models.
Trough valley with stepped longitudinal profils and corries are common features of glaciated terrain. An ice sheet and glacier are modelled as a layer of a very viscous incompressible fluid flowing down an inclined bed. The rate of erosion
A new conceptual diagram is presented that aids in visualizing glacial processes, their effects and may helps improve the understanding of glacial systems. Subglacial processes and products are emphasized in this paper. Ice, water, and till forming
processes including meltout, flow, deformation, and lodgment occupy the six corners of the octahedron. Symbols plotted within the octahedron represent the relative importance of the various processes/products involved. A bent arrow within the diagram traces
Glacial expansion during the early stade of the Last Glacial period on Mt. Tateyama, Central Japan
This paper reconstructs the flow direction and extent of glaciers on the western slopes of Mt Tateyama in central Japan from distibution materials and facies of two glacial sediments and related deposits. The timing of the larger glacial expansion
during the Last Glacial period is then discussed on the basis of their stratigraphic relationships with dated tephras.
Landsat images reveal a previously unsuspected large-scale pattern of streamlining drift that is assumed to reflect former phases of ice flow. The ice-moulded landform assemblage is described and illustrated with reference to examples from Canada
Late Pleistocene ice-flow directions and the age of glacial landscapes in northern lower Michigan
C 14 dating ; Drumlin ; Glacial features ; Glacier dynamics ; Michigan ; Moraine ; Palaeogeography ; Petrography ; Pleistocene ; United States of America
The A. examines regional trends in the linearity of landforms that mostly have direct glacial origins and use those data to infer ice-flow direction. He also uses till color and till-fabric data to suggest a general outer margin for the Greatlakean
Development of glacial-valley cross sections under conditions of spatially variable resistance to erosion
Special issue. Glacial geomorphology: process and form development
Erodibility ; Glacial erosion ; Glacial valley ; Lithology ; Model ; New Zealand ; Slope gradient ; Spatial variation ; Valley
A simulation model that examines the development of valley cross-profiles as a result of glacial erosion has been constructed by placing a finite-element model for ice flow within an iterative program that modifies channel cross-section form
on the basis of an erosion equation. The simulation model has previously been used to examine how different flow laws, erosion laws and ice discharge histories affect medium-scale landform development. This allows to better understand the development of glacial
landforms, and also provides a critical test for erosion and flow laws.
The significance of rock structure, lithology and pre-glacial deep weathering for the shape of intermediate-scale glacial erosional landforms
Cold area ; Crystalline rocks ; Glacial erosion ; Glacial features ; Glacial striation ; Lineament ; Lithology ; Photointerpretation ; Roche moutonnée ; Sweden ; Weathering
between roches moutonnées in augen-granite and orthogneiss and that coincidence between ice flow direction and pre-glacially etched structures is most likely to determine the effects of glacial erosion.
To explore the effects of multiple glacial erosion on the rock surfaces, an island with 2 different lithologies and with striae from different directions was selected for a detailed study, focusing on the shape of roches moutonnées. Air-photo
On the use of glacial striae for reconstruction of paleo-ice sheet flow patterns - with application to the Scandinavian ice sheet
The methods used to extract ice flow directions from striae data are discussed. The present paper is an attempt to highlight some crucial points and propose a practicable terminology. A stepwise analysis procedure for large-scale striae patterns
Quartz-grain surfaces of debris flow material in the marginal mountains of Tibet
China ; Debris flow ; Glacial features ; Microstructure ; Mountain ; Palaeo-environment ; Quartz ; Sand ; Slope dynamics ; Tibet
of debris flow and of glacial sands.
This study is an attempt to establish the relationship between morphoscopic surface features of quartz-grains and the dynamic processes of debris flows. More specifically, it is aimed at distinguishing between quartz-grain surface characteristics
A glacial interpretation for the origin and formation of the Marinet Rock Glacier, Alpes Maritimes, France
Alpes du Sud ; Alps (The) ; France ; Geophysics ; Glacial features ; Glacialflow ; Glacier ; Model ; Moraine ; Permafrost ; Photogrammetry ; Rock glacier
documentation suggest a glacial rather than a permafrost origin.
In Iceland, tectonics and volcanism, due to lithospheric spreading at the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, occurred during the last glaciation beneath an ice sheet approximately 1000 m thick. From a reconstruction of the flow patterns of this ice sheet, and from
Ice flow direction indicators in north-west County Meath and adjacent parts of Westmeath and Cavan are described. Drumlins, striae, roches moutonnées, and other streamlined features, as well as till fabrics, suggest a general flow during glacial
maximum of north-west to south-east when combined with erratic carriage data. Analysis of the configuration of ice marginal moraines and subglacially deposited esker ridges deposited during glacial retreat, as well as till fabric analysis of deglacial
lakes has risen. Glacial calving, slope instability, rapid snowmelt, and intense thunderstorms provide potential triggers for debris flows in the Park, some of which could produce catastrophic maximum discharges.
Ice avalanches were more common and more widely distributed during and immediately after the Little Ice Age. As glaciers and the threat of ice avalanching have receded in the twentieth century, the potential for debris flows from moraine-dammed
Glacio-isostasy and glacial ice load at Law Dome, Wilkes Land, East Antarctica
Antarctica ; C 14 dating ; Deglaciation ; Geochronology ; Glacial isostasy ; Holocene ; Palaeogeography ; Sea level
sector of East Antarctica during the last glacial maximum (LGM). The ice flow on the Law Dome is independent of EAIS flow. The investigation focuses on the evidence for Holocene relative sea-level lowering around the Law Dome, on the reconstruction
of former glacial-age ice loads, and on the deglaciation chronology required to force the amount and timing of relative sea-level lowering.
Glacial-lake outburst floods (GLOFs) in the Mount Everest region of Nepal on 3 september 1977 and 4 August 1985 dramatically modified channels and valleys in the region by eroding, transporting, and depositing large quantities of sediment for tens
of kilometers along their flood routes. A one-dimensional step-backwater flow model was utilized, in conjunction with paleostage indicators, to estimate the peak dicharges of the GLOFs and SHFFs (seasonal high flow floods) and to reconstruct the hydrology