Physical modelling of fault scarp degradation under freeze-thawcycles
Basse-Normandie ; Creep ; Debris flow ; Erosion ; Fault scarp ; France ; Freeze-thawcycle ; Gelifluction ; Model ; Periglacial features ; Quaternary
Basse-Normandie ; Coulée de débris ; Cycle gel-dégel ; Erosion ; Escarpement de faille ; France ; Gélifluxion ; Modèle ; Périglaciaire ; Quaternaire ; Reptation
Physical modelling has been developed in order to simulate the effects of periglacial erosion processes on the degradation of slopes and scarps. Data from 41 experimental freeze-thawcycles are presented. They attest to the efficiency of periglacial
. Models were frozen on the laboratory floor under normal acceleration due to gravity and thawed in the centrifuge under an acceleration of 10 gravities. After repeated freeze-thawcycles the one-sided experiment revealed concave downslope profiles
Two sets of small-scale centrifuge experiments were undertaken to simulate solifluction processes associated with one-sided freezing (with no permafrost) and two-sided freezing (with permafrost) with an active layer thick at the prototype scale
China ; Creep ; Freeze-thawcycle ; Geotechnics ; Periglacial features ; Permafrost ; Plateau ; Qinghai ; Railway ; Road infrastructure ; Soil properties ; Thawing ; Tibet
Chemin de fer ; Chine ; Cycle gel-dégel ; Dégel ; Géotechnique ; Infrastructure routière ; Pergélisol ; Plateau ; Propriétés du sol ; Périglaciaire ; Qinghai ; Reptation ; Tibet
respectively, the 3 different processes (thaw settlement, creep induced settlement, freeze-thaw induced settlement) are verified and an equivalent permafrost table is proposed.
Riverbank freeze-thaw erosion along a small mountain stream, Nikko volcanic area, Central Japan
Bank erosion ; Flood ; Freeze-thawcycle ; Freezing ; Honshu ; Japan ; Mountain ; Seasonal variation ; Stream
Cours d'eau ; Crue ; Cycle gel-dégel ; Erosion des berges ; Gel ; Honshū ; Japon ; Montagne ; Variation saisonnière
This paper presents field data on temporal changes in landforms (bank profile, frost heave and soil fall) and environmental parameters (soil temperature, frost depth, soil water/ice content and soil hardness), and discusses the mechanism of freeze
-thaw erosion. Particular attention is paid to the seasonal pattern of the 3 erosional processes. Manual and automatic measurements were undertaken over 20 months including 2 winters along the River Yukawa, a small mountain stream in a Japanese volcanic
Freeze-thawcycles on rock surfaces below the timberline in a montane zone : field measurements in Kobugahara, Northern Ashio Mountains, Central Japan
Freeze-thawcycle ; Honshu ; Japan ; Mountain ; Surface temperature ; Tree line ; Weathering
Cycle gel-dégel ; Honshū ; Japon ; Limite supérieure de la forêt ; Montagne ; Météorisation ; Température de surface
continually every 30 min from December 1, 2002 through December 13, 2004 by thermistor probes connected to miniature data loggers. The diurnal and the annual freeze–thawcycles and effective freeze–thawcycles were recorded at each site. The freezing index
Antarctica ; Chemical erosion ; Cold area ; Comparative study ; Freeze-thawcycle ; Freezing ; Insolation ; Lithology ; Moisture ; Northern hemisphere ; Salt ; Weathering
Antarctique ; Cycle gel-dégel ; Erosion chimique ; Etude comparée ; Gel ; Humidité ; Hémisphère Nord ; Insolation ; Lithologie ; Météorisation ; Sel ; Zone froide
This paper reviews some of the literature on rock weathering in both the Northern Hemisphere and the Antarctic, with a particular emphasis on the processes involved and their relationship to climate and rock properties. The role of freeze-thaw
Canada ; Climatologie appliquée ; Cycle gel-dégel ; Eau de fonte ; Erodabilité ; Erosion des sols ; Mollisol ; Neige ; Précipitation ; Sol ; Variation spatiale
Les cycles de gel/dégel, la pluie et la fonte des neiges accroissent le potentiel d'érosion des sols gelés sous la surface. Tentative de quantification des risques, station par station, sur le territoire canadien. - (JPB)
The results showed that, with small free samples, there was no apparent temperature difference between those on the surface and inside the blocks. Rock temperatures varied with those of freeze-thawcycles but appeared relative stable when
that the internal pore volume of the samples probably enlarged and microfractures had apparent influence during the freeze-thaw processes.
temperatures within the total range of the cycles were below 0°C. The weight losses of samples were very small, but still suggested that the biggest change occurred in the group of the water soaked samples. Ultrasonic transfer velocity suggested
Alps (The) ; Comparative study ; Creep ; Freeze-thawcycle ; Freezing ; Interannual variability ; Japan ; Mass movement ; Mountain ; Periglacial features ; Slope dynamics ; Snow ; Switzerland
Alpes ; Cycle gel-dégel ; Dynamique de versant ; Etude comparée ; Gel ; Japon ; Montagne ; Mouvement de masse ; Neige ; Périglaciaire ; Reptation ; Suisse ; Variabilité interannuelle
and controls of soil movement. Soil movements recur in every freeze-thaw period, although with some interannual variations affected by the length of seasonal snow cover and the occurrence of precipitation during freeze-thaw periods. The Swiss Alps encounter
there was a velocity decrease. This velocity decrease is interpreted as being a consequence of changes in rock elasticity brought about by a diminution in the bonding strength of the rock. This means that wetting, prior to freezing, may weaken a rock.
Effects of winter weather conditions on soil freezing in southern Michigan
Climate ; Freeze-thawcycle ; Ground freezing ; Michigan ; Model ; Snow ; Soil ; Soil properties ; Temperature ; United States of America ; Weather type ; Winter
Climat ; Cycle gel-dégel ; Etats-Unis ; Gel du sol ; Hiver ; Michigan ; Modèle ; Neige ; Propriétés du sol ; Sol ; Température ; Type de temps
This study uses a hydrologic/soil-temperature model to examine patterns of winter soil temperatures across southern Michigan, and in so doing sheds light on the meteorologic variables that affect soil freezing. Spatial patterns of soil freezing were
information not only on spatial patterns of soil freezing, but also on the interannual variability and, most importantly, pedo-climatic extremes.