Churchill, Manitoba, from May through August, 1982. The terrain types were upland tundra, upland open spruce forest, lowland peat and moss vegetation, and lowland swamp covered with sedge grass.
were blown a minimum of 1000 km from low arctic shrub tundra and adjacent subarctic Picea (spruce) forest| these areas were dominated by the arctic air mass during the summer pollinating season. During the Wisconsinan-early Holocene, glacier ice