The forest fires in Indonesia 1997-98 : possible causes and pervasive consequences
Biodiversity ; Drought ; Ecosystem ; El Niño ; Forest ; Forest fire ; Health ; Human impact ; Impact ; Indonesia ; Monsoon ; Pollution ; Tropical rain forest
The recent (September 1997 to June 1998) forest fires in Indonesia represent an unprecedented ecological disaster. This article describes recent events, evaluates the possible natural and human causes of the fires, and surveys the possible
Although peasant communities in northwestern Andean Peru have a tree (forest) management strategy, their weak communal organization has led to over-exploitation of forest resources, over-grazing, and soil erosion. Authors identify major tree
and shrub species in the region, discussing their uses, suitability for agroforestry, and the landscape context in which they occur. They share recommendations for improving future reforestation programs, and they discuss genera suitable for forest areas
Forest history and meadow invasion at the Rigdon Meadows Archaeological Site, western Cascades, Oregon
Archeological site ; Fire ; Forest ; Holocene ; Human impact ; Meadow ; Oregon ; Palaeo-environment ; Pastureland ; United States of America ; Vegetation dynamics
Combining stand structure and fire-scar data with historical records, aerial photographs, and soil descriptions, the forest history of the Rigdon Meadows Archaeological Site in the western Cascades of Oregon is reconstructed. The A. is specifically
interested in how forest structure and disturbance regimes differed during prehistoric, settlement, and modern periods. Results indicate that forest composition and meadow persistence are determined primarily by disturbance, soil properties, and topography
. Dramatic changes in forest structure beginning in the mid-1800s resulted from fire, grazing, road building, clearing, and selective logging.
Poland is a small country with forest cover of ca. 28%, which constitutes very small portion of the world total. The potential for Polish forest ecosystems to mitigate the greenhouse effect on a global scale and in relation to a whole Earth
threatened by CO2 concentrations, is not significant and could from this point of view be neglected. But, from the domestic point of view and in the light of the obligation under the Kyoto Protocol, forest, forestry and wood utilization present a high
Clay mineral ; European part of Russia ; Forest soil ; Geochemistry ; Grain size distribution ; Micromorphology ; Moscow ; Oblast ; Pedogenesis ; Soil properties ; Taxonomy
Greyzems (Grey Forest Soils) are zonal soils of the forest-steppe, in Russia geographically situated between the (Podzo) Luvisols of the southern taiga forest and the (Luvic) Chernozems of the steppe. Three Greyzem profiles, presently under forest
, and developed on loess-like mantle loams of Late Weichselian (Valday) age in the northern forest-steppe zone of the East European plain (Middle Russian Upland) were described and sampled near Puschino, some 100 km south of Moscow. Micromorphology, particle size
Slopewash, surface runoff and fine-litter transport in forest and landslide scars in humid-tropical steeplands, Luquillo Experimental Forest, Puerto Rico
Field experiment ; Forest ; Landslide ; Leaching ; Litter ; Precipitation ; Puerto Rico ; Rill wash ; Sediment transport ; Slope ; Slope gradient ; Tropical zone
The AA. present the results of a four-year study in the Luquillo Experimental Forest, LEF, from 1991 to 1995. The objective of the work was to estimate slopewash rates in relatively undisturbed watersheds in an environment, humid tropical steeplands
Chronosequence ; Climax ; Forest ; Grassland ; Hong Kong ; Soil ; Soil properties ; Vegetation
The soil properties of a vegetation chronosequence in Hong Kong involving a grassland, a 22-year mixed woodland, a 52-year forest and 2 graduation 150-year old climax (feng shui) forests were examined. All the 3 hypotheses tested are rejected. While
the feng shui forests differed markedly in soil properties, exotic species were superior to native species in soil amelioration. There was no accumulation of organic carbon, nitrogen and cation nutrients with ecological succession, due to the influence
of the Tibetan Plateau, not to topoclimatological effects. Seven geoecological (vegetative) belts and the timberline and treeline, with the two sides differentiated, are described. The range has extensive coniferous and deciduous forests, but unrestricted logging
will have destroyed the forests in 10 to 15 years if there is not a change in policy. - (SLD)
The relationship between solar radiation interception and soil water content in a tropical deciduous forest in Mexico
Deciduous forest ; Ecosystem ; Evapotranspiration ; Forest ; Geographical information system ; Mexico ; Model ; Radiation ; Slope gradient ; Soil properties ; Soil water ; Spatial variation ; Tropical zone ; Water cycle ; Watershed
This paper describes spatial and temporal patterns of potential solar radiation interception (SRI) in a tropical deciduous forest ecosystem in the West of Mexico using a Geographic Information System modeling approach. It also describes the spatial
Nutrient losses in eroded sediment after fire in eucalyptus and pine forests in the wet Mediterranean environment of northern Portugal
Biogeography ; Eucalyptus ; Forest ; Forest fire ; Mediterranean climate ; Nutrient ; Pine ; Portugal ; Precipitation ; Soil erosion
The AA. consider the magnitude and duration of enhanced nutrient losses in particulate matter from newly burnt Eucalyptus globulus and Pinus pinaster forests in the Águeda River Basin, wet mediterranean climate of north-central Portugal
Agriculture ; Biodiversity ; China ; Deforestation ; Forest ; Land clearing ; Mountain ; Shifting cultivation ; Village ; Yunnan
A study of 1965 air photographs and 1993 satellite imagery for Hani village of Mengsong showed that swidden cultivation did not nead to permanent forest loss, but to a conversion of relatively homogeneous secondary closed-canopy forest into a more
heterogeneous land cover of different stages of forest succession. After farmers allowed (in 1979 Household Responsability System) to make their own decisions on swidden/fallow/forest use, they decreased land farmed and intensified farming. - (SLD)
Patterns of ice accumulation and forest disturbance during two ice storms in southwestern Virginia
Appalachian Mountains ; Forest ; Ice ; Mountain ; Slope exposure ; Storm ; United States of America ; Vegetation degradation ; Virginia ; Weather type
This paper discusses multiple scales of ice accumulation and forest disturbance resulting from the 1994 storms in southwestern Virginia. The AA. first examine synoptic-scale meteorology of the two 1994 storms. Second, they discuss topographic
variations in forest damage. Third, they quantify the level of canopy disturbance in several damage stands. Finally, they compare patterns of damage associated with the 1994 events to those produced by several other ice storms.
Biodiversity ; Charcoal ; European part of Russia ; Forest ; Grassland ; Holocene ; Karelia ; Lacustrine sediment ; Palaeo-ecology ; Palaeogeography ; Palynology ; Quaternary
the periglacial herb-rich vegetation was soon replaced by pine-dominated forests and then by mixed forests including birch and alder. After the spread of spruce at 6,200 cal. BP, the vegetation has consisted of monotonous coniferous forests. Results of DCA
The Grasses of the Big Scrub District of North-eastern New South Wales : a sedimentary record of late Holocene grasslands in a subtropical forest landscape
Australia ; C 14 dating ; Forest ; Geochronology ; Grassland ; Historical geography ; New South Wales ; Palaeo-environment ; Palynology ; Pollen diagram
. Despite a general presumption that this lowland subtropical region was completely forested prior to European settlement, recent historical research has indicated that certain areas were naturally open. The data reported here, a fossil pollen record and one
Forest ecosystem simulation modelling : the role of remote sensing
Climatic warming ; Ecosystem ; Forest ; Global change ; Model ; Pollution ; Remote sensing ; Simulation ; Spruce ; United Kingdom ; Wales
. Il présente ensuite un modèle de simulation d'écosystème (FOREST-BGC), développé à partir de données météorologiques et obtenues par télédétection, appliqué à l'étude prévisionnel d'une plantation d'épicéas de Sitka, (Picea sitchensis), dans le centre