Trends in fog frequency and duration in the southeast United States
Atmospheric moisture ; Climatic trend ; Fog ; Forecast ; Linear regression ; Southern United States ; United States of America ; Virginia
This study identifies the trends and frequency of fog events across the south-eastern United States. A simple linear regression was performed on hourly datasets for annual and seasonal fog-event days and on fog duration. The majority of Virginia
stations displayed significant decreasing numbers of fog-event days for 3 seasons, and 4 stations experienced decreasing fog events in all fog-duration categories.
Fog : a possible solution to rural water problems ?
Countryside ; Fog ; Fresh water ; Project ; South Africa ; Water ; Water needs ; Water resources
Acute water shortages are experienced regularly in many areas. It is thus of the greatest importance to identify other sources of water in these regions. Fog is one such new source of fresh water and shows a significant potential for use
as a domestic water supply, notably the South African Fog Water Project. - (AJC)
The disappearance of dense fog in Los Angeles : another urban impact
Atmospheric moisture ; Atmospheric pollution ; California ; Climatic trend ; Fog ; Heat island ; Los Angeles ; Ocean atmosphere interaction ; Twentieth Century ; United States of America ; Urban climate
This study looks at 50 years of dense fog data for coastal Los Angeles and attempts to explain its downward trend. Both the downtown Los Angeles urban heat island and the city's air pollution clean up show a significant relationship to decreasing
fog. The A. correlates monthly and annual dense fog data recorded at Los Angeles International and Long Beach International airports since the 1950s with downstream los Angeles temperature and particulate air pollution data. The El Niñ-Southern
Oscillation (ENSO) and Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) values also explain interannual dense fog variability. Coastal sea surface temperatures also closely follow dense fog frequencies.
Some spatial and temporal aspects of fog in the Namib
Arid area ; Atmosphere ; Desert ; Fog ; Namibia ; Water resources
Fog is considered to be one of the most characteristic climatic features of the Namib Desert. It provides a significant and reliable source of water to desert flora and fauna, may in future contribute towards the water supply of the inhabitants
Spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of the fog regions in China
Atmospheric moisture ; China ; Climate ; Climatic data ; Climatic variability ; Fog ; Interannual variability ; Spatial distribution ; Years 1960-69 ; Years 1970-79 ; Years 1980-89 ; Years 1990-99
The spatial distribution and monthly/annual variation of foggy days in China are analyzed based on the monthly mean fog data collected from 604 observational stations for the period 1961-2000. Results show that there are 6 fog regions in China
The AA. present an initial study to project the long-term development of fog occurrence along the southern African west coast. For this purpose, they implemented a basic fog diagnostic scheme based on liquid water content into the regional climate
model REMO. Regarding the long-term development of fog, two 20-year time slice simulations for a control (1981 to 2000) and a future (2081 to 2100) period following the A1B emission scenario were conducted. The model generally projects a slight increase
in the number of fog days for the coastal areas and a slight decrease for the regions located further inland. Especially the latter has the potential to exacerbate the existing water scarcity in the region.
The aim of this study is to give a general description of fog frequency, as well as to indicate the potential role of pollutant deposition via fog in the environmental processes ongoing in the Carpathians. The annual number of days with fog (NDF
The roles of salt (sodium nitrate) and fog in weathering : a laboratory simulation of conditions in the northern Atacam Desert, Chile
Arid area ; Chile ; Desert ; Experimentation ; Fog ; Salt ; Simulation ; Weathering
availability and 3 levels of fog precipitation. The experiment took place over an 11-week period. Collectively, the results indicate that fog appears to control the rate of breakdown and that salt availability controls the timing of the response. The style
of breakdown was similar, irrespective of the fog and salt levels. The morphological observations provide an experimental example of the role of inheritance in weathering processes.
Some characteristics of cold air lakes and fog in the Jinghong and Mengyang basins, Xishuangbanna, China
The main point of these studies are to discover the temperature distributions between the south-facing and north-facing slopes and clarify the temperature distributions on the slopes at night-time with and without fog.
A fog forecasting method in a deeply embanked valley
Belgium ; Fog ; Forecast;Prediction ; Meteorology ; Meuse ; Model ; Statistics ; Valley
This paper presents a statistical model used to forecast fog in the Meuse valley in Belgium. The method is a bootstrap discriminant analysis using eight predictors : river surface temperature, air pressure, air temperature at two elevations, wind
Meteorological patterns and fog water collection in Morocco and the Canary Islands
Fog - boon or bane ?
Canary Islands ; Comparative study ; Fog ; Morocco ; Rural community ; Seasonality ; Water resources ; Weather type
The aim of this study is to characterize the synoptic weather patterns that justify fog water collection on the coast of Morocco and the Canary Islands. Furthermore, fog water collection is studied to evaluate its feasibility as a sustainable water
resource to satisfy the drinking water needs of a rural population in SW Morocco. The study period was from 2006 to 2010. Standard Fog Collectors (SFC) and the Quarter Fog Collectors (QFC) that were connected to automatic meteorological stations with which
hourly and daily data can be recorded were used. The average quantities of collected water were about 10 l/m2/day at both sites, but there is inverse seasonality since more fog water is collected in Morocco in the winter whereas in the Canary Islands
Measurements of the chemical composition of fog water at Murododaira (altitude, 2,450 m), near the summit of Mt. Tateyama near the coast of the Japan Sea, were performed during the summers (late July and August) of 2004 and 2008 and the autumns
(September and early October) of 2008 and 2009. Fog water was also sampled at Bijodaira (altitude, 977 m) and Midagahara (altitude, 1,930 m), on the western slope of Mt. Tateyama, in the autumn of 2009. With these results, the AA. discuss the summer
and autumn chemical characteristics (chemical climatology), especially the anthropogenic species, of the fog water sampled at the western slope of Mt. Tateyama, which faces the Asia continent. They also describe the characteristics of seasalt components
Fog water collection and reforestation at a mountain location in a western Mediterranean basin region: air-mass origins and synoptic analysis
Fog - boon or bane ?
Applied climatology ; Atmospheric circulation ; Fog ; Mediterranean area ; Mountain ; Orographic effect ; Reforestation ; Spain ; Statistics ; Valencia ; Water resources ; Weather type ; Wind
An inland mountainous location in eastern Spain was selected for reforestation studies based on the fog water collection potential prevailing in the area and the high level of land degradation. Bulk fog-water catches were stored and used in a micro
-irrigation network to provide summer emergency water pulses to a plot of reforestation seedlings. Fog collection measurements during the 3-year period of the experiment revealed an average water yield, which, although moderate, is a suitable value
for afforestation activities. Fog formation is explained in terms of air mass origin and pathway, atmospheric conditions and orographic features. Statistical analysis of the winds bearing fog and the periodicity of fog collection provide the particular
Fog ; Northern Cape ; Resource management ; Rural development ; South Africa ; Sustainable development ; Water ; Water needs ; Water resources ; Water supply
An investigation of domestic water inadequacy in 1995 identified Lepelfontein as a settlement with an insufficient supply of fresh water, initiating a pilot study on fog harvesting aimed at improving fresh water supply and water security
. The success of the pilot study suggested its extension into a development initiative with the introduction of more fog screens and small-scale agricultural development. - (AJC)
The Southern part of the Morocco (region of Agadir and Goulimine) is affected by fog and low stratus during the summer in relation with the up welling at the Atlantic Sea. The using of NOAA-AVHRR satellite pictures help us to analyse and cartography
the spatial extension of the fog. The coast between Agadir and the cape Juby is particularly affected by fog and low stratus, which can persist all the day. - (BJ)
Geografische faktoren die de vorming van dichte mist bevorderen. Studie over het gebiet Brussel-Antwerpen. (Geographical factors influencing the formation of dense fog in the area Brussels-Antwerp)