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Interpretation of erosion rates on rock surfaces

Interpretation of erosion rates on rock surfaces
Erosion rate ; Linear regression ; Model ; New Zealand ; Shore platform ; South Island ; Topography ; Weathering
Simple linear regression is used to interpret erosion rates on two shore platforms from the Kaikoura Peninsula, South Island, New Zealand. Using this analysis it is suggested that measured rates could be viewed as representatives of populations
of erosion rates moving about a changing fitness landscape. The potential of such a view for understanding erosion rates is outlined.

Tectonic geomorphology, uplift rates and geomorphic response in New Zealand

Tectonic geomorphology, uplift rates and geomorphic response in New Zealand
Quantitative evidence for uplift and incision rates is evaluated. The relationship between uplift and erosion rates is discussed, and the morphological response evaluated. The resulting geomorphological regions are outlined.

Soil erosion rates in the Roxeni Basin, Ciskei

Soil erosion rates in the Roxeni Basin, Ciskei
The rate of soil loss in the Roxeni catchment area was determined by computing the capacity loss of the Roxeni dam. The rate is compared with other measurements and the implications assessed. - (AJC)

Rate limitation and dissolution of highly soluble minerals in Rates of chemical weathering of rocks and minerals.

Rate limitation and dissolution of highly soluble minerals in Rates of chemical weathering of rocks and minerals.

Late Quaternary hillslope erosion rates in Japanese mountains estimated from landform classification and morphometry

Late Quaternary hillslope erosion rates in Japanese mountains estimated from landform classification and morphometry
Classification ; Erosion rate ; Geomorphometry ; Gully erosion ; Honshu ; Japan ; Lateglacial ; Mass movement ; Mountain ; Quaternary ; Watershed
This paper presents a method for estimating long-term hillslope erosion rates in rugged mountains, based on landform classification and morphometry. Firstly, the average slope lowering rates in the basins since the Late Glacial are estimated based
on morphometric analyses of the hillslope classification maps, and, secondly, the estimated long-term erosion rates are compared with the present rates.

The effects of past variations of the Earth's rotation rate on climate

The effects of past variations of the Earth's rotation rate on climate
Palaeological evidence indicates that the rotation rate of the Earth during the late Precambrian was 2-2.5 times faster than now. Typically high rotation rate in a fluid system reduces the characteristic size of dynamic features, their associated
transport processes and the overall intensity of the motions. The climatic consequences of the high rotation rate during the Precambrian are outlined. In particular, it is hypothesised that variations in the rotation rate imposed an important, and possibly
dominant, effect on the genesis and termination of the Precambrian ice age. Other possible implications of the high rotation rate to oceanography, life forms and geology are briefly noted.

Estimating actual rates of drug use

Estimating actual rates of drug use
The AA. develop a simple model that may be used to determine the actual rate of drug usage in a given environment, based on drug test rates (reported rates) and laboratory drug testing accuracy. They use USA recent data to illustrate the procedure.

Estimation of growth rates of coastal tafoni in tuff at Oku-Matsushima

Estimation of growth rates of coastal tafoni in tuff at Oku-Matsushima
Chemical erosion ; Coastal environment ; Erosion rate ; Honshu ; Japan ; Salt ; Taffoni ; Tufa ; Weathering
This paper tries to estimate the rate of tafoni growth and duration of tafoni development using the Matsukura and Matsuoka's (1996) equation representing relationships between rates of tafoni growth and rock properties in Oku-Matsushima Coast.

Post-volcanic erosion rates of Shomyo Falls in Tateyama, Central Japan

Post-volcanic erosion rates of Shomyo Falls in Tateyama, Central Japan
Erosion rate ; Fluvial erosion ; Honshu ; Japan ; Pyroclastic ; Sediment transport ; Stream ; Volcanism ; Volcano
This study examines the rate of recession of Shomyo Falls, which consists of Pleistocene welded pyroclastic flows deposits in Toyama Prefecture. The discrepancy between the geology-based and equation-based recession rates indicates that some factors
, not taken account of in the equation, significantly influence the recession rate. The AA. suggest that a factor in the rapid erosion of the waterfall is a large amount of transported sediment acting as abrasive material, which is supplied from high mountains

Using digital elevation models to calculate a time-averaged landscape denudation rate

Using digital elevation models to calculate a time-averaged landscape denudation rate
Arizona ; Erosion rate ; Numerical model ; United States of America ; Volcanic rock ; Weathering
The DEM method provides a simple and flexible means of measuring long-term erosion rates for geologic units of known ages. With respect to erosion in the Chiricahua National Monument, the vertical erosion rate strongly indicates that the formation
of the taller rock columns has occurred largely within the Pleistocene and continues into the Holocene. Joint spacing is at least as important a determinant of column aspect ratios as the ratio of vertical to horizontal erosion rates.

Geografski osobenosti na rajdaemostta i reproduktivnoto povedenie na naselenieto v NR Bâlgariia. (Geographical peculiarities of birth-rate and population reproductive performance in Bulgaria)

Geografski osobenosti na rajdaemostta i reproduktivnoto povedenie na naselenieto v NR Bâlgariia. (Geographical peculiarities of birth-rate and population reproductive performance in Bulgaria)
Birth-rate has reduced to 14,3 / in 1980. The author applies the model of V. Borisov hypothetical minimum of birth-rate. Minimal birth-rate coefficients by age groups were derived with the help of a mathematical model of reproduction process
. The low birth-rate necessitate an active demographic policy, which is to have effect on reproductive performance. It should be carried out on two levels national and regional.

The measurement of accumulation rate of snow in the Antarctic with micro-wave remote sensing method.

The measurement of accumulation rate of snow in the Antarctic with micro-wave remote sensing method.
The reason for evaluating the accumulation rate of snow using microwave brightness temperature is explained. The vertical increasing rate of snow grain size will have a significant influence on this temperature. The author demonstrates
that there is near linear relationship between vertical increasing rate of snow grain size K'and Tb/T using invariant embedding method to know asymptotic solutions. An empirically derived formula is used to evaluate the accumulation rate for the Antarctica. (TNC).

The influence of banking centralization on depositors : regional heterogeneities in the transmission of monetary policy

Branch plant ; Centralisation ; Finance ; Interest rate ; Monetary policy ; Regional disparities ; United Kingdom
This study examines whether regionally and nationally branching banks set deposits interest rates differently. This assessment of the UK retail deposit market between 1992 and 2008 indicates that regional banks set deposit interest rates in a manner
distinct to nationally branching banks. Changes in the market interest rate to retail rates are characterized by a non-linear mean-reverting process. Deposit interest rates offered by regional banks are lower, slower to respond to wholesale interest rate
increases, and swiftly respond to wholesale interest rate falls, relative to national banks. This evidence is consistent with distinct monetary conditions existing in UK regions.

Dynamics of soil erosion rates and controlling factors in the Northern Ethiopian Highlands - towards a sediment budget

Dynamics of soil erosion rates and controlling factors in the Northern Ethiopian Highlands - towards a sediment budget
Agricultural practice ; Erosion control ; Erosion rate ; Ethiopia ; Gully erosion ; Human impact ; Mountain ; Sediment budget ; Soil erosion ; Water erosion ; Watershed
This paper analyses the factors that control rates and extent of soil erosion processes in the May Zegzeg catchment near Hagere Selam in the Tigray Highlands. Soil loss rates due to various erosion processes, as well as sediment yield rates
and rates of sediment deposition within the catchment (essentially induced by recent soil conservation activities), were measured using a range of geomorphological methods. Soil loss rates by water (gully erosion) are important and also tillage erosion

Rates and patterns of erosion on inter-tidal shore platforms, Kaikoura Peninsula, South Island, New Zealand

Rates and patterns of erosion on inter-tidal shore platforms, Kaikoura Peninsula, South Island, New Zealand
Coastal environment ; Coastal erosion ; Erosion rate ; New Zealand ; Seasonal variation ; Shore platform ; South Island ; Terminology ; Weathering
This paper presents measured rates of erosion on shore platforms at Kaikoura Peninsula. Surface lowering rates were measured with a micro-erosion meter and traversing micro-erosion meter. Differences in lowering rates were found between different
platform types and lithologies. Season is shown statistically to influence erosion rates, with higher rates during summer than winter. The interpretation given to this is that the erosive process is subaerial weathering in the form of wetting and drying

The freight rate structure on Soviet railroads

The freight rate structure on Soviet railroads

Rates of interest : a review in Space and analytical political economy.

Rates of interest : a review in Space and analytical political economy.

Aeolian sand drift from the intertidal zone on a temperate beach : potential and actual rates

Aeolian sand drift from the intertidal zone on a temperate beach : potential and actual rates
The calculation procedure used to estimate the potential rates of sand drift is based on the capacity of the wind force to transport sand using a published transport equation (White, 1979). The results show that the actual movement rates
are markedly smaller than the potential rates for all months except in the summer. Meteorological variables and the watertable level in the adjacent dune system are used in an empirically derived regression equation in an attempt to explain the large
discrepancy between the potential and actual movement rates. The resulting corrected potential movement rates are a closer estimate to the actual rates, but there remains much unexplained variance.

Firm size and profit rate in Philippine manufacturing

Firm size and profit rate in Philippine manufacturing

Rate of soil formation during irrigation in Southern Kazakhstan

Rate of soil formation during irrigation in Southern Kazakhstan

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