Estimating unsaturated hydraulic conductivity from easily measured soil properties
The authors measured hydraulic conductivity (saturated and unsaturated) on 127 soil cores, which were taken in different horizons of a wide variety of Belgian soil series. The hot air method and the crust method were combined to obtain the complete
range of hydraulic conductivity from saturation to air-dry. Regression equations for estimating the Gardner parameters were established from simple soil properties, such as soil texture, carbon content, bulk density. Three parameters can reasonably well
be estimated from the textural composition and the saturated hydraulic conductivity.
Salt effect on hydraulic conductivity of a vertisol
The changes in saturated hydraulic conductivity, macroscopic swelling and clay dispersivity of a sodic black clay soil in relation to solution concentration and Na adsorption ratio of the percolating solution were measured. Based on the threshold
concentration curves, an empirical relationship relating saturated hydraulic conductivity and soil solution properties has been derived for vertisols and its field applicability established. For all practical purposes, swelling of clay seemed to be the major
factor responsible for loss of saturated hydraulic conductivity of a sodic vertisol.
Cartographical display ; China ; Dam ; Hubei ; Hydraulic works ; Impact study ; Planning project ; Research ; River management ; Sichuan ; Simulation ; Yangtze
travail de recherche de l'équipe SIG de l'Institut de Géographie Alpine de Grenoble sur la relocalisation de plus d'un million d'habitants et sur la modélisation des impacts démographiques et sociaux.
Climatic change ; Damage ; Flood control ; Human impact ; Hydraulic works ; Inundation ; Natural hazards ; World
Analyse des causes d’aggravation des dégâts des inondations : large utilisation de territoires potentiellement inondables et inondés régulièrement ; hausse constante de population et des équipements de valeur sur ces territoires ; augmentation des
Communication network ; Fluvial harbour ; France ; Hydraulic works ; Navigation ; Territorial planning ; Waterway
La voie d'eau peut être considérée comme un espace complexe totalement aménagé, un équipement productif composite à appréhender dans sa globalité et un espace polyfonctionnel. Elle peut aussi être vue comme un espace tributaire et révélateur d'un
Core-periphery ; Economic impact ; Electricity ; Energy ; Energy policy ; Hydraulic works ; Income redistribution ; Induced effect ; Sweden ; Water economics ; Water energy
Perspectives d'avenir de l'équipement hydraulique en Suède où le Norrland fournit environ 80% de la production d'électricité. Ses effets induits de l'aménagement des cours d'eau sur le tourisme, l'emploi régional, l'industrie suédoise à l'échelle
The AA. describe new field instrumentation recently installed on a non-permafrost solifluction slope in Dovrefjell, Norway, and a continous permafrost solifluction slope in Svalbard. The equipment is designed to provide continuous data on soil
thermal status, hydraulic condition, phase change, soil volume strain and soil shear strain. Discussion of the results.
Discriminant function analysis of compositional data: an example from hydraulic geometry
Compositional discriminant function analysis of bank stability on the basis of hydraulic geometry had a success rate of 88%, making routinely archived measurements of stream width, cross-sectional area, mean velocity, and discharge a readily
Ungauged catchment modelling II. Utilization of hydraulic models for validation
This paper presents the second part of an exploration of the application of developments made in hydraulic floodplain modelling to ungauged flood forecasting. A two dimensional finite element model, RMA-2, is applied to a 25 km floodplain reach
Hydraulic conditions for rill incision under simulated rainfall : a laboratory experiment
A series of controlled laboratory experiments were conducted in order to obtain precise data on the hydraulic and sediment transport conditions during rill formation.
Logratio linear modelling of hydraulic geometry using indices of flow resistance as covariates
This study develops a statistical model for the relationship between channel friction and at-a-station hydraulic geometry, which presents potential difficulties with regard to both non-linearity and spurious correlation.
Establishing the role of pedogenesis in changing soil hydraulic properties
Chronosequences provide suitable sources for the study of changes in soil hydraulic behaviour as a result of long-term pedogenesis. For a podsol chronosequence in the Scottish Highlands, data are presented to indicate the changes that have occurred
over 13 000 years in the saturated hydraulic conductivity in each horizon. As the soil profile has evolved into a differentiated sequence of three horizons, the resulting hydrological changes can be both measured and quantified. The results
English to metric conversion of hydraulic geometry and its significance to basins software
The purpose of this technical note is threefold : 1) to provide a derivation for the conversion formula and to prove that the slopes (i.e., hydraulic exponents) are, in fact, independent of units; 2) to correct an erratum that appeared
in the conversion formula and a related error in the BASINS User's Manual, Version 2.0 (USEPA, 1998); and 3) to discuss the significance of different systems of units for describing hydraulic geometry.
Landscape position, surface hydraulic gradients and erosion processes
Different hydraulic gradients, especially due to seepage or drainage, at different locations on a hillslope profile may have a profound effect on the dominant erosion processes. A laboratory study was designed to simulate hillslope processes
and quantity effects of surface hydraulic gradients on erosion for a Glynwood clay loam soil. Results showed that, under drainage conditions, interrill processes dominated and rilling was limited.
Experimental field assessment of suspended sediment pathways for characterizing hydraulic habitat
This paper describes a field methodology for exploring the transfer of particulate matter at small scales within river channels, which may be used to aid hydraulic habitat characterization. The field protocol combines field measurement of high
frequency flow properties, to characterize hydraulic habitat units, and deployment of spatial arrays of turbidity probes, to detect the passage of artificially-induced sediment plumes through different biotope units. Relationships between the nature
of spatio-temporal hydraulic variations within glide, riffle and pool biotopes, and the character and mixing behaviour of sediment plumes within these habitat units are identified.
This study identifies and assesses the controls on hydraulic erosion of cohesive riverbanks on a 600-m reach of an urban ephemeral stream with active bank erosion. The AA. examined hydraulic bank erosion by separating estimated bank shear stress
into 4 properties : magnitude, duration, event peak, and variability. The results suggest that the amount of hydraulic erosion of cohesive riverbanks is dictated by flow peak intensities. Finally, a conceptual model is produced for estimating bank erosion
Austria ; Data base ; Decision aid ; Ecosystem ; Geographical information system ; Hydraulic works ; Management ; Project ; Water energy ; Water management ; Water resources
l'ensemble des équipes et des disciplines représentées. La 2ème étude de cas décrit, dans le cadre du projet hydroélectrique de Freudenaue à Vienne, l'intitulé d'un SIG dans un système d'aide à la décision mais aussi ses limitations actuelles, notamment en