Across the world, governments, NGOs, scientists, policy-makers, and resource managers are learning to speak in the language of ecosystem services. It is a concept that seems to belong to what many geographers call neoliberal-style environmental
policies. However, the policies and practices around the ecosystem service concept deviate considerably from neoliberal doctrine. Heterogeneity and tensions within the world of ecosystem service policies are explored.
Adaptation ; Agricultural land use ; Climatic change ; Crop ; Econometry ; Economic strategy ; Ecosystem ; Latin America ; Livestock farming ; Model ; Rural economy ; Scenario
The paper develops a spatial rural economy model of adaptation to rural change that accounts for a multitude of rural enterprises across a diversity of ecosystems in South America using household surveys. Adoptions of crops, livestock, forests
and both specialized and diversified enterprises are modeled. Livestock, forests, and a diversification into crops, livestock, and forests are key adaptation strategies. Adaptation behaviours are closely tied with ecosystem changes under global warming.
Ecosystem services – classification and different approaches at various levels of biosphere organisation - a literature review
Bibliographie ; Biodiversité ; Biosphère ; Classification ; Concept ; Ecosystème ; Gestion de l'environnement ; Relation société-environnement ; Service ; Utilisation du sol
Bibliography ; Biodiversity ; Biosphere ; Classification ; Concept ; Ecosystem ; Environmental management ; Land use ; Service ; Society-environment relationship
In the literature on the subject, evaluation of ecosystem services (ES) is regarded as a one of the important scientific problems of nature protection, environmental economics and ecology. ES are the benefits that people obtain from ecosystems
. The concept of ecosystem services is generally defined as a set of products and functions of ecosystems that benefit society. This paper contains definitions of the most common concepts found in the literature, i.e. ecosystem services, the drivers behind
Valuing geodiversity and geoconservation : developing a more strategic ecosystem approach
Changement climatique ; Développement durable ; Ecosystème ; Environnement ; Géoconservation ; Géodiversité ; Niveau marin ; Politique gouvernementale ; Processus de décision ; Royaume-Uni ; Scotland ; Stratégie d'acteurs
Climatic change ; Decision making process ; Decision process ; Ecosystem ; Environment ; Geoconservation ; Geodiversity ; Government policy ; Scotland ; Sea level ; Sustainable development ; United Kingdom
the integration of geodiversity in environmental policy and its implementation in order to deliver more holistic and sustainable environmental management and wider public benefits. The AA. advocate a more strategic, ecosystem-based approach to address : the future
-proofing of ecosystem services, particularly in a context of climate change and rising sea-levels; conservation and sustainable management of geodiversity both in designated sites and in the wider countryside; raising awareness of the value of geodiversity
and its contribution to ecosystem services; and improving understanding of geodiversity and key knowledge gaps. Such an approach is adopted in the Scotland’s Geodiversity Charter.
are the evolutionary constraints and pathways that govern development of spatiotemporal patterns in ecosystem process and structure? This paper presents a review of the most important aspects of initial ecosystem processes as key factors of landscape development
. Subsequent sections deal with specific geomorphic, pedogenic, and biotic processes of initial ecosystem evolution. Emphasis was placed on the discussion of potential feedbacks among these process groups.
future are still vigorously explored and how information on past environments may better inform an understanding of contemporary ecosystem processes and influence the future management of biodiversity in protected area.
Analyse comparée des données cartographiques sur les écosystèmes des steppes de Mongolie, collectées avec plus de 20 ans d’intervalle. La carte des écosystèmes de Mongolie conçue en 1995 a servi de repère. L’étude a été réitérée en 2008-2011 dans le
végétale des écosystèmes liés à l’impact anthropique.
Land-use impact on soil carbon and nitrogen sequestration in typical steppe ecosystems, Inner Mongolia
Amendement du sol ; Azote ; Carbone ; Chine ; Ecosystème ; Formation herbacée ; Gestion des ressources ; Géochimie ; Nei Menggu ; Propriétés du sol ; Steppe ; Utilisation du sol
Carbon ; China ; Ecosystem ; Geochemistry ; Grassland ; Inner Mongolia ; Land use ; Nitrogen ; Resource management ; Soil improvement ; Soil properties ; Steppe
2012
[b1] Key lab. of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Inst. of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing, Chine
Agricultural land use ; Agriculture ; Arable land ; Benin ; Climatic change ; Ecosystem ; Environment ; Farmer ; Knowledge ; Population growth ; Soil degradation ; Valley
Les AA. analysent les utilisations actuelles et les contraintes auxquelles sont confrontées les écosystèmes des vallées intérieures du Bénin afin d’évaluer leur potentiel agricole. Ils en étudient les caractéristiques socio-économiques ainsi que les
Beaver ; Biodiversity ; Biogeomorphology ; Dendrogeomorphology ; Ecological restoration ; Ecosystem ; Fire ; Geomorphology ; Impact ; Mass movement ; Vegetation ; Zoogeography
The AA. introduce thirteen papers that investigate the interactions and feedbacks between geomorphological disturbance regimes and ecosystem functions. These papers reveal the singularity of wildfire impacts, the importance of landsliding for carbon
budgeting and of vegetation accumulation for landsliding, the zoogeomorphic role of iconic and Cinderella animals in fluvial geomorphology, biophysical interactions in aeolian, fluvial and torrential environments and the utility of living ecosystems
2012
[b1] Centre for Hydrological and Ecosystem Science, Univ., Loughborough, Royaume-Uni
Measurement and alienation : making a world of ecosystem services
Eau ; Ecologie politique ; Ecosystème ; Empreinte écologique ; Etats-Unis ; Gestion de l'eau ; Marchandisation ; Mesure ; Ressource en eau ; Valeur économique
Commodification ; Ecological footprint ; Economic value ; Ecosystem ; Measurement ; Political ecology ; United States of America ; Water ; Water management ; Water resources
L’A. analyse la marchandisation des services d’écosystèmes aux Etats-Unis et l’évolution vers un nouveau monde social. L’exemple de la politique de l’eau aux Etats-Unis permet de comprendre l’évolution de l’écologie politique et l’esprit libéral qui
Rock warming and drying under simulated intertidal conditions, part II : weathering and biological influences on evaporative cooling and near-surface micro-climatic conditions as an example of biogeomorphic ecosystem engineering
) ecologically stressful conditions through the alteration of substratum geomorphic properties and behaviours is suggested as an example of biogeomorphic ecosystem engineering.
The Apolobamba Integrated Management National Area is located in the Northwest of La Paz (Bolivia). This grassland ecosystem, with a high biodiversity, is a natural habitat of camelid populations. The goals of this study were to quantify total SOC
showed that some studied zones could be excellent carbon reservoirs the AA. suggest that these zones should be specifically protected from camelid overexploitation to avoid the soil exhaustion and preserve high grassland ecosystems and its biodiversity
2012
[a3] Inst. for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, Univ., Amsterdam, Pays-Bas
Dynamique des écosystèmes marécageux sur le plateau de la Volga
Dynamique de la végétation ; Ecosystème ; Espace-temps ; Holocène ; Marais ; Paléo-environnement ; Plaine d'inondation ; Plateau ; Reconstitution climatique ; Russie d'Europe ; Tourbière ; Volga région
Bog ; Climate reconstruction ; Ecosystem ; European part of Russia ; Floodplain ; Holocene ; Palaeo-environment ; Peat bog ; Plateau ; Space time ; Vegetation dynamics ; Volga region
Canada ; Ecosystem ; Environment ; Governance ; Green belt ; Legislation ; Metropolisation ; Ontario ; Regionalism ; Rural area ; Sustainable development ; Urbanization
villes et les régions, le centre et sa périphérie. Il s’agit de freiner la métropolisation et de favoriser la préservation des écosystèmes. Ils concluent par la mise en place d’une politique de développement durable incluant tous les acteurs concernés.
Dans l'écosystème saharien, le dromadaire est le principal animal d'élevage utilisant les ressources floristiques. L'analyse de ses féces collectées sur différents parcours, tout au long de l'année, montre à quel point ce camélidé contribue à la
Arganeraie ; Domaine semi-aride ; Ecosystème ; Essaouira ; Maroc ; Mode de vie ; Relation homme-environnement ; Savoir écologique
Ecosystem ; Man-environment relations ; Morocco ; Semi-arid area ; Way of life
Les entretiens effectués dans les communautés d'Aguerd et de Tidzi (région d'Essaouira) ont montré que la population locale détient des savoirs importants quant au fonctionnement de son écosystème : savoirs liés au troupeau, à la conduite des