Aral Region ; Brackish environment ; Ecosystem ; Fauna ; Flora ; Former USSR ; Impact ; Lake ; Salinity ; Soviet Central Asia
This paper deals with a pragmatic aspect of the Aral Sea problem. The question is how does salt (or salinity) per se effect the demise of a lake's ecosystem?
Aral Region ; Biodiversity ; Ecosystem ; Fauna ; Fish ; Former USSR ; Mollusca ; Plankton ; Salinity ; Soviet Central Asia
The Aral ecosystem has recently experienced at least two serious shocks. The first shock, 1960 to 1968, caused by the acclimatization activities, the second, 1971 to 1976, was connected with the salinity increase over 12 to 14 g/l. Now the Aral
ecosystem apparently experiences a third shock by the salinity increase over 23 to 24 g/l. Intensive investigations must be renewed and complex research programs of the Aral, and the Aral region must be ellaborated.
Aral Region ; Biocenosis ; Biota ; Ecosystem ; Former USSR ; Human impact ; Irrigation ; Salinisation ; Soviet Central Asia ; Vegetation degradation
The development of irrigated agriculture in the Aral Sea basin determined the replacement of natural desertic ecosystems with agrocenoses over the area of 7.2 million ha. The process that is the most expressed is underflooding, accompanied with soil
salinization, which becomes main ecological factor at some coastal areas. At present the area affected by ecotonization of ecosystems in the Aral region is likely to exceed half of the total region's area.
Analyse systémique ; Drainage ; Dégradation de l'environnement ; Eau ; Ecosystème ; Irrigation ; Monde ; Ressource en eau ; Salinisation
Drainage ; Ecosystem ; Environmental degradation ; Irrigation ; Salinisation ; System analysis ; Water ; Water resources ; World
, land and water salinisation and damage to ecosystems. This paper describes some of these developments and argues that an integrated approach firmly based upon system analysis is necessary to avoid mistakes of the past and to promote informed use
Aral Region ; Drinking water ; Ecological catastrophe ; Ecosystem ; Epidemiology ; Former USSR ; Health ; Hydrology ; Pesticide ; Pollution ; Salinity ; Soviet Central Asia ; Water quality