An approach to dynamic traffic assignment including solution methods
Allocation ; Dynamicmodel ; Model ; Optimization ; Traffic ; Transport ; Transport cost
Allocation ; Coût de transport ; Modèle ; Modèle dynamique ; Optimisation ; Trafic ; Transport
In the paper, the constraint set of the dynamic traffic assignment problem is qualified first. The qualified constraint set can be applied to any dynamic traffic assignment problem. Then a continuous dynamic system optimum model and a discrete
dynamic system optimum are presented. The model can be applied to dynamic traffic assignment for multiple destination networks.
Use of the linear quadratic approach to study the dynamic policy responses of a non linear model of the French economy
Contrôle optimal ; Economie ; France ; Géographie de l'Europe ; Modèle ; Modèle global national
Dynamic policy responses of a model of the French economy. Advantage is taken of the linear behavior of the model around a reference trajectory. The linear approximation of the implicit state variable representation is determined by stepwise
regressions. The examination of the 10 control variables has little influence in modifying the autonomous dynamics of the model. (INRA).
A nonlinear dynamicalmodel for the evolution of landslide is proposed. The parameters of this model are obtained through an improved iterative algorithm of inversion developed in the paper. Based on the nonlinear dynamicalmodel and nonlinear
the capability and merit of the nonlinear dynamicmodel.
dynamical systems (NDS) theory, the approaches to determining the Lyapunov exponents, the predictable timescale and the stability criterion of the evolutional state of landslide are given. A case study of the Xintan slope is presented to illustrate
Geographical Information Systems and dynamicmodels
Climatic variation ; Concept ; Fluvial hydrology ; Geographical information system ; Heathland ; Netherlands (The) ; Vegetation dynamics ; Water balance ; Watershed
This research deals with approaches and concepts for a fruitful integration of dynamicmodels and GIS. It gives an overview of the current state of GIS and the characteristics of dynamicmodels. It is focussed on the concepts behind an integration
of dynamicmodels and GIS. The different case-studies in this work serve as examples of the techniques and concepts described earlier. These case-studies refer to water balance situations of large river basins with respect to their sensitivity to climatic
The A. concludes that « in spite of its simplicity (no exogenous uncertainty, no inventories, no capital, etc.), the basic structure implies a highly complex nonlinear dynamicmodel which generates cycles of high order as well as irregular behavior
endogenously ». Application of the theory of fractals to Keynesian models. - (CN)
The ways of incorporation of hydrologic cycle elements into the dynamic-stochastic heat and water exchange climate model are considered. Such approach enables to identify the main sources of precipitation climatologic variability.
Uncertainty and dynamic linear programming models in agriculture: recent issues in theory and practice in Dynamic linear models for the study of agricultural systems.
As a branch of geomorphology, the fluvial dynamic geomorphology is a marginal science among fluid dynamics, sediment mechanics and fluvial geomorphology. With physical modelling by similarity based on Newtonian mechanics, and principle of the same
effect but different structure based on systematic theory, it is possible to study properties, formation and processes in fluvial dynamic geomorphology. A new research method, which is a combination of mathematical simulation by computer with physical
Spatial modelling of vegetation change in dynamic landscapes : a review of methods and applications
Bibliography ; Forest ; Geographical information system ; Landscape ; Landscape ecology ; Model ; Simulation ; Spatial analysis ; Vegetation ; Vegetation dynamics ; Years 1990-99 ; Years 2000-2009
Analyse spatiale ; Années 1990 ; Années 2000 ; Bibliographie ; Dynamique de la végétation ; Ecologie du paysage ; Forêt ; Modèle ; Paysage ; Simulation ; Système d'information géographique ; Végétation
This review considers the development and application of landscape-level spatially explicit ecological models, with an emphasis on vegetation dynamics and disturbance, and the management applications of these models. Mechanistic and stochastic
models are compared and contrasted and the development, over the last 15 years, of spatial landscape models of ecological change is discussed.
Impacts of multiple-period lags in dynamic logit models
Bifurcation ; Choice ; Dynamicmodel ; Logit model ; Spatial interaction ; Structural stability ; System ; Utility function
Bifurcation ; Choix ; Fonction d'utilité ; Interaction spatiale ; Modèle dynamique ; Modèle logit ; Stabilité structurale ; Système
La sensibilité de la trajectoire d'un modèle logit dynamique (classe des modèles de choix discret) est étudiée dans le cadre d'une structure temporelle qui subit des retards périodiques. Les conséquences de divers types de structures sur le
comportement dynamique des modèles sont examinées (y compris les modèles d'interaction spatiale). L'instabilité tend à décroître à mesure que le nombre de retards s'accroît.
Atmospheric circulation ; Atmospheric dynamics ; Climatic variation ; Climatology ; Concept ; History of sciences ; Model ; Weather type
Circulation atmosphérique ; Climatologie ; Concept ; Dynamique de l'atmosphère ; Histoire des sciences ; Modèle ; Type de temps ; Variation climatique
Some aspects of the history of dynamic climatology are traced both forwards and backwards from the first use of the term in 1929. It is suggested that current emphasis in this subfield is placed upon atmospheric modelling.
Biodiversity and extinction : the dynamics of geographic range size
Biodiversity ; Biogeography ; Extinction of species ; Human impact ; Model ; Population dynamics ; Spatial distribution
Action anthropique ; Biodiversité ; Biogéographie ; Distribution spatiale ; Dynamique des populations ; Extinction des espèces ; Modèle
In this progress report, the A. selectively reviews some recent advances in understanding of the temporal dynamics of geographic ranges : models, empirical evidence, human influences.
An unconditional competing risk hazard model of consumer store-choice dynamics
Choix du lieu d'achat ; Commerce de détail ; Comportement des consommateurs ; Interaction spatiale ; Modèle ; Probabilité
Consumer behaviour ; Model ; Probability ; Retail trade ; Shopping trip choice ; Spatial interaction
be incorporated into the model, leading to different store choice dynamics. An empirical example, based on Nielson scanner panel data for Springfield, Missouri, is provided to illustrate the modelling approach.
This model is developed and tested as an alternative to the negative binomial and Dirichlet models of store choice introduced in the urban planning literature by Wrigley and Dunn. The hazard model is more flexible in that various distributions can
Dynamique de système ; Généralités sur la géographie ; Lutte contre les inondations ; Modèle ; Modèle dynamique régional ; Risque naturel ; Simulation ; Urbanisation
Regional DynamicModel with the backward integration on system DynamicsModeling is proposed in order to evaluate the effect of the flood control to the land enhancement. - (SGA)
A simplified model of spatiotemporal population dynamics
Evolution démographique ; Géographie humaine ; Modèle de Hotelling ; Modélisation ; Population
Dynamique des populations humaines, pour lesquelles la notion de saturation ne peut être considérée comme une constante, et introduction du progrès technologique dans le modèle de Hotelling.