Rainfall characteristics, rainfall reliability and the definition of drought : Baringo District, Kenya
Differing assessments of drought and reliable rainfall by upland cultivators and lowland pastoralists, were compared with the rainfall records of the Baringo District, Kenya. - (AJC)
Correlations between Palmer drought indices and various measures of air temperature in the climatic zones of the United States
Climatic index ; Climatic zone ; Drought ; Seasonal variation ; Soil moisture ; Temperature ; United States
The major objective of this study is to compare cloudiness and various measures of air temperature with drought intensity to determine the variables that most effectively identify the temperature/drought relationship. The general geographic pattern
The relationship of large volcanic eruption in the world and the summer drought/flood in China
China ; Drought ; Flood ; Precipitation ; Sichuan ; Statistics ; Summer ; Temperature ; Volcanic eruption ; Weather type
Based on data in the last 500 years for strong volcanic activity and the summer drought/flood types available in China, the statistical relations of the volcanic eruptions in seasons and several regions and the drought/flood types and grade index
Applied hydrology ; Canada ; Drought ; Index ; Saskatchewan ; Water balance ; Water management ; Water needs ; Water resources
Palmer's Hydrological and Meteorological Drought Severity Indices are reviewed along with a number of recent modifications that help reduce ambiguity from decision concerning the beginning and ending of drought conditions. Based on data from Regina
Drought year changes in streambank profiles on incised streams in the Sierra Nevada Mountains
Bank erosion ; Channel geometry ; Drought ; Fluvial processes ; Longitudinal section ; River bed ; Vegetation
This study focuses on the role of vegetation in streambank retreat and deposition along incised and variably entrenched streams during a drought. The study also investigates vegetation as associated with different bank profiles and the amount
of bank change which takes place at various heights on the bank. Because the study was conducted during the sixth year of drought, fluvial erosion was atypical and is specifically identified in the text where it occurred.
(Assessing the feasibility of water transfer from the South to the North by the Eastern route through historical records of drought).
Records of the occurrence of drought for the last 500 years in the three respective regions of water transferring, water exporting and water receiving schemes are analysed. Drought disasters occur simultaneously in 12 years out of every 100 in all
the three regions and of these 3 are severe droughts. There are also records of successive dry years of two to six years on a stretch These phenomena cast doubts on the feasibility of the proposed water transfer and special consideration for them is needed
Analysis of 20th century rainfall and streamflow to characterize drought and water resources in Puerto Rico
Classification ; Drought ; Island ; Precipitation ; Puerto Rico ; Tropical zone ; Twentieth Century ; Water ; Water management ; Water resources ; Years 1960-69 ; Years 1970-79 ; Years 1990-99
The aim of this paper is to characterize recent droughts of Puerto Rico in terms of rainfall accumulation, streamflow in rivers feeding the principal reservoirs, and public supply reservoir levels. These droughts are compared to the droughts
recorded during the 1960s and 1970s. The droughts are discussed in the context of the Puerto Rican setting, an island in the humid tropics with short, high gradient streams, small watersheds and reservoirs, and where, during the past 40 years, population
Based on China's monthly precipitation data of 629 stations during 1950-2000, the AA. calculate Z indices and separate them into 7 Dryness and Wetness grades. Further, a drought area index is proposed to study changes in drought severity in northern
China. The results reveal that the different seveity of droughts all showed expanding trends in northern China's main agricultural area. Moreover, the area coverage of droughts in different seasons and different regions display different trends.
A Holocene pollen record of persistent droughts from Pyramid Lake, Nevada, USA
Algae ; Climatic variation ; Drought ; Holocene ; Lacustrine sediment ; Nevada ; Palynology ; Pollen diagram ; Quaternary ; Spectral radiance ; United States of America
Pollen and algae microfossils preserved in sediments from Pyramid Lake provide evidence for periods of persistent drought during the Holocene age. The timing and magnitude of droughts identified in the pollen record compares favorably
with previously published delta O 18 data from Pyramid Lake. The timing of these droughts also agrees with the ages of submerged rooted stumps in the Eastern Sierra Nevada and woodrat midden data from central Nevada. Prolonged drought episodes appear to correspond
A 545-year drought reconstruction for central Oregon
Climate oscillation ; Climatic index ; Climatic variability ; Comparative study ; Dendrochronology ; Dendroclimatology ; Drought ; Oregon ; Palaeoclimatology ; United States of America
Using a 545-year ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) tree-ring chronology, the AA. examine the drought history of central Oregon to : 1) determine the relationship among drought, ENSO (El Niño Southern Oscillation), and the PDO (Pacific Decadal
Palmer's Drought Severity Index (PDSI) values and revealed severe drought periods during the 1480s, 1630s, 1700s, and 1930s.
Based on the historical records of the drought and flood disasters during 1480-1940 AD, this paper reconstructs the sequences of wetness index (WI) and drought and flood disasters. The AA. find a good identical relationship between the fluctuation
in drought-flood regional differentiation, but the eastern part is relatively stable, and the are of the Pearl River Delta shows stable condition of more flood disasters.
Through detailed statistics and analysis of drought and water disasters in the Weihe Plain in the historical period, the AA. discovered that in more than 2300 years (from 370 BC to 2000 AD), natural disasters occurred most frequently in 2 periods
: 610 to 850 AD; 1580 to 2000 AD. Different natural disasters occurred synchronously : when the drought occurred frequently, water disasters occurred frequently in the same periods. The excessive exploitation of natural resources and human disturbance
and damages to ecological environment are the major reasons for the increased drought and water disasters.
Twentieth century dune migration at the Great Sand Dunes National Park and Preserve, Colorado, relation to drought variability
Aeolian features ; Aeolian transport ; Arid area ; Barchan ; Colorado ; Drought ; Dune ; Geographical information system ; Satellite imagery ; Twentieth Century ; United States of America
. The extent of dune migration is evaluated with respect to climate parameters like precipitation and Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI) to better understand the landscape response to varying drought in the twentieth century. This contribution provides
insight into how semiarid landscapes respond to drought and quantifies thresholds and rates for dune migration at the Great Sand Dunes National Park and Preserve.
Wind and moisture anomalies in the Sahelian drought of the early 1980's
The 1982-1984 drought in the Sahel is characterized by the excessive decrease in precipitation (in 1982-1983) and the southward retreat of the rainbelt (in 1984) along 0o meridian, and by the simultaneous southward retreat of the rainbelt
Wintertime 500-mb flow types and the California drought of 1976-1977
A five-year analysis of winter air circulation over western North America and the eastern Pacific suggests that the serious drought of 76-77 was associated with an abnormally high frequency of normally occurring flow patterns rather than entirely
Drought, wind, and blowing dust on the Southern High Plains of the United States
Agricultural climatology;Agroclimatology ; Drought ; Eolian dust ; Eolian erosion;Wind erosion ; Eolian features ; New Mexico ; Regression analysis ; Soil moisture ; Texas ; United States ; Wind
The purpose of this paper is to use the meteorological record for Lubbock, Texas to investigate the roles of drought and wind speed on the amount of blowing dust on the Southern High Plains.