Deformational structures in the first Salpausseklä end moraine, Joutsenonkangas, South-eastern Finland
Deformational structures in glaciofluvial deltaic sand of the First Salpausselkä end moraine have been described and their origin interpreted on the basis of the palaeogeographical setting of the site. The structures, including a load wedge, formed
quickly after the accumulation of the sediment as a result of vertical loading pressure. It is perhaps reasonable to expect such structures in a variety of depositional environments. (E. Jahn).
Borehole deformation measurements and internal structure of some rock glaciers in Switzerland
Vertical and horizontal borehole deformations have been measured in 3 rock glaciers in Switzerland. The results are compared in this paper. In addition, the results of 2 recent drilling campaigns, one on the Muragl and one on the Murtèl-Corvatsch
The 1999 Chi-Chi earthquake significantly altered the landscape of central Taiwan. Surface deformation produced by the earthquake along the trace of the Chelungpu thrust can be classified into 2 styles : uplift without significant surface rupture
, and uplift accompanied by surface rupture. Here the AA. examine areas that exhibited the first style of deformation. It is proposed in this study that the differences in fluid properties affected by sediment constituents, frictional heating and possibly
sulphate content of groundwater were probably the principal cause of diverse landscape deformation in response to the 1999 Chi-Chi earthquake.
A review of Alpine deformation and stresses in southern England
The main Alpine deformation in southern England involved maximum compressive stress (σ1) orientated approximately N-S and with the least compressive stress (σ3) being vertical. This generally caused gentle folding, but deformation is relatively
intense around reverse-reactivated faults. This stress system changed so the intermediate compressive stress (σ2) became vertical, causing strike-slip faults that are conjugate about N-S. This probably reflects the reduction of the Alpine compression
Deformation at the northern end of the Icelandic rift mapped by InSAR (1992-2000), a decade after the Krafla Rifting Episode
. The signal geometry indicates that the main component of movement affecting Krafla is vertical. The large number of interferograms on which the deformation signal affecting Krafla is visible allows to ascertain that the deformation rate remains constant since
From 1975 to 1984 the northern Icelandic rift underwent a rifting crisis. Since 1992 the area has been regularly covered by the 2 ERS radar satellites, allowing to form 110 INSAR interferograms with 22 SAR scenes for mapping crustal deformation
fabric, whilst there is a wide range of much weaker fabric strengths associated with soft bed tills. It is suggested from a theoretical study of soft bed till deposition that longitudinal and vertical processes in the subglacial deforming layer
Topical areas that are explored include the modern state of stress| historic seismicity and its inferred cause (s)| historic deformation as inferred from releveling surveys and tidal gauge records| and late Cenozoic crustal deformation inferred from
geomorphic, structural, and stratigraphic data. The final section examines the spatial relationship between areas of historical tectonism and seismicity and areas of inferred, longer-term Cenozoic deformation.
The effect of syndepositional deformation within the Upper Permian Capitan Platform on the speleogenesis and geomorphology of the Guadalupe Mountains, New Mexico, USA
Cave ; Drainage ; Fault ; Geomorphology ; Karst ; Karstification ; New Mexico ; Palaeokarst ; Stratigraphy ; United States of America ; Vertical movement
Cave and the Carlsbad Cavern. Folds parallel to the Reef escarpment are thus shown to be syndepositional. Finally, this work shows how syndepositional deformation of the Capitan Platform, dating back to the Upper Permian, has influenced the shaping
survey and aerial photointerpretation. Successively all the morphological elements that might provide evidence for tectonic deformations were identified. Moreover the statistical of stream directions have shown some preferential orientations indicating
, vertical movements of faulted blocks produced shifted Holocene shorelines. This neotectonism is related to the reactivation, during the Quaternary, of faults bounding the several crustal blocks which form the sedimentary basin. These deformations
In some restricted sectors of the Brazilian coast, it has been possible to demonstrate the role played by the vertical tectonic movements in shifting Quaternary shorelines. Within Todos os Santos Bay, State of Bahia, located in the Reconcavo graben
are examined and compared with those obtained in other studies to estimate soils and/or river terrace ages in the Pakua tableland. Moreover, landscape evolution and active deformation of the study area are discussed based on the pedogenic processes.
Research into the urban heat island and the windflow above the city of Nice in summer, by vertical measurements and constant level balloons
Les AA. démontrent l'existence de gradients thermiques suradiabatiques dans les basses couches et la présence en phase diurne d'îlots de chaleur peu épais, déformés en plume par un vent de plus de 4-5 m/s. Rôle du cadre géographique et du climat
In this paper surface deformation of Last Glacial fluvial aggradation surfaces along the western edge of the Wairarapa Valley is described in terms of slip rates along the Wairarapa Fault over the last 60 ka or so.
deformations of Pleistocene successions of beds. In Pleistocene and older successions a sharp lithological change of sedimentary bodies in vertical succession, inversion of density and unequal loads of a plastic substratum widely or to deformations. Permafrost
This study is intended to open the criticism of views so far held of the origin deformations of sedimentary bodies in glaciated areas. True tectonics just as glaciotectonics preferred in the recent past lose their justification for numerous
and mollisol initiate, or favour, the origin of gravitational deformations in loose sediments with a high componental mobility. Like rock melts and salts, clays just as lignite and chalk are particularly suited to react plastically under imposed loadmakes
it necessary to interpret again the majority of umsetted moraines, furthermore the eskers, oare kames, and kettle holes. The thus resulting bedding forms correspond to the style of deformation of germanotype in the Saxonian zone. The results
Time-scanning of the stratigraphic events has allowed to reconstruct: the different stages of the eastward shift of the chain-foredeep-foreland system; the deformation chronology; the recent effects of the interactions between the regional uplift
Channel geometry ; Lithology ; Longitudinal section ; Mountain ; Oregon ; Stream ; Tectonics ; United States of America ; Vertical movement
Relationships between riverbed morphology, concavity, rock type and rock uplift rate are examined to independently unravel the contribution of along-strike variations in lithology and rates of verticaldeformation to the topographic relief
This paper presents the issues of the close connection between the evolution of gravitational slope deformations and the formation of crevice-type caves. Furthermore, it presents a contemporary view on the regional distribution of crevice-type caves
in this area and outlines the recent progress and future possibilities of the investigation of this phenomenon. Based on the vertical distribution of different morphological zones within the caves and the main modes of their evolution, we can distinguish three
Bathymétrie ; Datation C 14 ; Faille ; Géographie de l'Océanie ; Holocène ; Mouvement vertical ; North Island ; Nouvelle-Zélande ; Quaternaire marin ; Tectonique ; Terrasse marine
This paper presents the first detailed terrace description and evaluation of the timing and deformation pattern for each coseismic event. The AA. describe the terrace morphology and terrace deposits at three localities in region C (determined by Ota