Commuting ; Employment area ; Espace vécu ; France ; Household ; Ile-de-France ; Mobility ; Outer conurbation area ; Proximity ; Residential environment ; Residential mobility ; Social network ; Society ; Socio-professional category ; Spatial
et générationnelle des périurbains, quelques grandes figures se dégagent, qui mettent en évidence une volonté d’ancrage dans les communes de résidence et de recentrage des mobilités sur des territoires de proximité.
The interlocking network model for studying urban networks
Producer services ; Research ; Theory ; Urban hierarchy ; Urban network ; World city
Dans ce numéro spécial consacré à l'étude des réseaux urbains mondiaux, on trouvera les articles suivants :1-Introduction: The interlocking network model for studying urban networks: out-line, potential, critiques, and ways forward ; 2-A research
odyssey: from interlocking network model to extraordinary cities ; 3-Network or hierarchical relations? A plea for redirecting attention to the control functions of global cities4-World city network research at a theoretical impasse: On the need to re
-establish qualitative approaches to understanding agency in world city networks , 5-Validity in world city network measurements ; 6- Multiple perspectives on functional coherence: Heterogeneity and multiplexity in the Randstad ; 7-Cities as networks within
networks of cities: The evolution of the city/firm-duality in the world city network, 2000–2010.
This article indicates the quantitative tools, with assistance of which it is possible to characterize the morphology (shape) of the valley network and determine their variability caused by the scale change. The monitored morphometric
characteristics (quantitative tools) have been applied to the paradigmatic examples of the schematic valley networks and have been analyzed in three scales. In order to analyze the valley networks, the most suitable are “valley junction angles” and “homogeneity
AIRNET : a programme for generating intercity networks
Air traffic ; Air transport ; Airport ; Business travel ; Computing ; Leisure ; Network ; Origin-destination ; Route ; Transport ; United States of America
This paper introduces and demonstrates a new programme, AIRNET, which processes airline traffic data from the US Bureau of Transportation Statistics to produce networks among US cities and airports. First, AIRNET produces four types of network—route
, origin–destination, business and leisure—that can be used to explore distinct research questions and which can be customised using adjustable parameters that alter how the network is created. Secondly, it can produce each of these networks at multiple
time points beginning in 1993, thereby providing researchers access to one of the only sources of longitudinal, dynamic intercity networks.
Tales from the thousand lakes : placing the creative network of metal music in Finland
Centrality ; Cluster ; Connectivity ; Creative industry ; Finland ; Helsinki ; Industry ; Music ; Network ; Spatial concentration
municipalities (in terms of population) with a fair number of metal bands. Still, the capital Helsinki is the most prominent cluster of metal music in Finland. A further social network analysis reveals that the metal music cluster of Helsinki has a network
of short average path length and a high degree of clustering. In other words, the members of the network function in close collaboration with each other. This notion was also verified by mapping the joint-career path of the most prolific (connected
Networks, interfaces, and computer-generated images: learning from digital visualisations of urban redevelopment projects
Computing ; Human body ; Network ; Object ; Project ; Qatar ; Real estate development
This article examines networks, interfaces, and computer-generated images (CGIS) through learning from digital visual-isations of urban redevelopment projects in Doha, Qatar. It uses an actor-network theory understanding of ‘network’ and argue
Global pharmaceutical and biotechnology firms’ linkages in the world city network
Biotechnology ; Connectivity ; Core-periphery ; Head office ; Joint venture ; Multinational firm ; Network ; Pharmaceutical industry ; Producer services ; Production network ; Subsidiary company ; World city
This article examines the global pharmaceutical and biotechnology firms’ linkages in the world city network. A micro-scale analysis is presented of how the top ones connected cities across the world in 2010. Subsequently, the nodal centralities
of cities included in this sub-sector’s global network are compared with the findings of previous analyses that concentrate on the advanced producer ser-vices sector.
Network concepts to describe channel importance and change in multichannel systems : test results for the Jamuna River, Bangladesh
The AA. developed a semi-automatic method to derive a chain-like directional network from images that represent the multi-channel river and to connect individual network elements through time. The Jamuna River was taken as an example with a series
of Landsat TM and ETM+ images taken at irregular intervals between 1999 and 2004. They quantified the overall importance of individual channels in the entire network using a centrality property. Centrality showed that 3 reaches can be distinguished along
the Jamuna with a different network character. Based on the centrality they calculated a weighted braiding index that represents the number of important channels in the network, which is about two in the Jamuna River and which is larger immediately after
floods. It is concluded that the network measure centrality provides a novel characterization of river channel networks, highlighting properties and tendencies that have morphological significance.
on Spatial knowledge networks: structure, driving forces and innovative performances
Economic activity ; Economic geography ; Employment ; Europe ; Innovation ; Knowledge ; Network ; Research and development ; Unemployment ; United States of America ; Western Europe
Dans ce numéro spécial consacré aux réseaux de connaissance en Europe et aux Etats-Unis, on trouvera les articles suivants : 1-A note on networks of collaboration in multi-market oligopolies ; 2-Embeddedness of regions in European knowledge networks
: a comparative analysis of inter-regional RandD collaborations, co-patents and co-publications ; 3-Determinants of cross-regional RandD collaboration: some empirical evidence from Europe in biotechnology ; 4-Proximity, network formation and inventive performance
: in search of the proximity paradox ; 5-Modeling knowledge networks in economic geography: a discussion of four methods ; 6-Does intentional mean hierarchical? Knowledge flows and innovative performance of European regions ; 7-Ready, set, go! Why are some
in American states, 1979–2000 ; 11-A model of price-setting in regional duopolies based on consumer loyalty: theory and evidence from the Austrian newspaper industry ; 12-Optimal allocation of area in hierarchical road networks.
Modeling net ecosystem carbon dioxide exchange using temporal neural networks after wavelet denoising
Carbon dioxide ; Climatic change ; Comparative study ; Ecosystem ; Flow ; Forecast ; Model ; Neural network ; Peat bog ; Temperate zone ; Wavelet analysis
The potential of 6 temporal artificial neural networks (ANNs) augmented with and without 3 orthogonal wavelet functions was tested for predicting net ecosystem exchange of carbon dioxide (CO2) based on a long-term eddy covariance (EC) data set
; (4) time-delay neural network, time-lag recurrent network, and recurrent neural network; (5) online learning versus batch learning algorithms; and (6) diel, diurnal, and nocturnal periods. The coefficient of determination, root mean square error
Eastern Europe ; Europe ; Geopolitics ; International relations ; Railway network ; Road infrastructure ; Transcarpathia ; Transport ; Ukraine
In the paper the role of railway network of Transcarpathia (Zakarpattia) in the international transport connections of Ukraine is investigated. The geopolitical importance and favourable transit location of this region within Ukraine along
the international boundaries with Hungary, Romania and Slovakia, is well-known. The paper first focuses on the role of natural, political and transport factors in the development of railway network in the region from a historical perspective. Then the importance
of railway network in Transcarpathia for the development of international freight traffic in the USSR is highlighted. The role of geopolitical interests in the past and present is demonstrated. The analytical part of the paper focuses on the latest changes
Integrating finance into global production networks
Economy ; Finance ; Financial services ; Financialization ; Financing ; Firm strategy ; Globalization ; Offshore jurisdiction ; Political economy ; Production network ; Regional development ; World city
This paper distils the concept of the global financial network (GFN) from financial geography and related scholarship, with advanced business services, world cities and offshore jurisdictions at the core. Interactions between the GPN and the GFN
What attracts knowledge workers ? The role of space and social networks
Employment ; Europe ; European Union ; Job vacancy ; Labour migration ; Labour mobility ; Network ; Regional analysis ; Skilled labour ; Social network
Multi-scalar regionalization, network connections and the development of Yunnan Province, China
China ; Competitiveness ; Cooperation ; Development ; Firm ; Network ; Regional development ; Regionalization ; Spatial scale ; Yunnan
Taking China's Yunnan Province as a study case, this paper analyses the network connections that undergird regional development and how its provincial government builds these connections to facilitate multi-scalar regionalization. It is argued
Entrepreneurship within urban and rural areas : creative people and social networks
This article examines the role of individual creativity and social networks for both first-timeentrepreneurs and non-entrepreneurs in becoming an entrepreneur and surviving the critical first years in both Danish urban and rural areas. Creativity
is found to lead to start-ups in urban areas, where the environment is not only more supportive but also more competitive, but not in rural areas. However, creativity does not increase the chance of success. The particular importance of social networks
Temporary streams in a peatland catchment : pattern, timing, and controls on stream network expansion and contraction
Climatic change ; Drainage network ; Ecological restoration ; England ; Ephemeral stream ; Hydrology ; Model ; Peat bog ; Runoff ; Underground water ; United Kingdom ; Watershed
Electrical resistance (ER) technology has been used to create sensors capable of detecting the presence and absence of flow in ephemeral portions of the channel network, in the Upper North Grain research catchment, a small peatland headwater
in the South Pennines, UK. Networks of around 40 sensors were deployed in autumn 2007 and summer 2008. Water table depth was identified as the key factor determining the temporal pattern of streamflow at both the site- and catchment-wide scales. Spatially
, network expansion and contraction occurred in a disjointed manner, following a similar pattern between events, suggesting that localized controls are important for flow generation. Spatial controls on flow generation relate to local water table levels
Disciplined mobility and the emotional subject in Royal Dutch Lloyd's early twentieth century passenger shipping network
Amsterdam ; Argentina ; Emigrés ; Emotion ; Maritime company ; Mobility ; Netherlands (The) ; Network ; Noord Holland ; Political geography ; Sea transport ; Transport ; Twentieth Century
This paper examines the disciplined mobility and emotional geographies of “between-deck” passengers in Royal Dutch Lloyd's early Twentieth Century passenger shipping network. It is found that such a disciplinary network furthers the firm's goal
of shipping healthy and productive bodies for corporate profits and that transhipment facility Lloyd Hotel in Amsterdam was integral to the performance and maintenance of such a transnational disciplinary network. The key consequence of such disciplined
The evolution of Taipei’s music industry : cluster and network dynamics in the innovation practices of the music industry
Cluster ; Creative industry ; Firm strategy ; Industry ; Innovation ; Music industry ; Network ; Path dependence ; Popular music ; Taipei ; Taiwan
This paper explores the spatial and organisational dynamics of innovation activities using Taipei’s music industry as a case study. It illustrates how the cluster and network elements of the music industry are intertwined in innovation practices
. It argues that the innovation dynamics of Taipei’s music industry are a hybrid feature of Taipei’s cluster environment and the strategic competencies of music project networks rather than the local cluster effect. In conclusion, a different trajectory
for the evolution of Taipei’s music industry is presented. Additionally, this dynamic process between cluster and network makes Taipei a hybrid creative platform that is an active element in the cultivation of the innovative competencies of Taipei’s music producers
Gender, social network geographies, and low-wage employment among recent Mexican immigrants in Los Angeles
This article explores gender differences in the characteristics, spatiality, and capacities of local social networks anThis article explores gender differences in the characteristics, spatiality, and capacities of local social networks
that local social networks operate differently for men and women and tend to reinforce differences in mobility and employment.
Orogen-scale drainage network evolution and response to erodibility changes: insights from numerical experiments
Drainage network ; Erodibility ; Model ; Mountain ; Numerical model ; Orogeny ; Tectonics ; Watershed
The AA. use a landscape evolution model, SIGNUM, to investigate the process of fluvial network organization and the evolution of regular ridge-and-valley patterns on simulated mountain ranges. In particular, they investigate the behavior
that is smaller than the original value. A detailed analysis of the simulations, through observations of surface snapshots at repeated time intervals, allows to gain some insight into the mechanisms governing this fluvial network reorganization process.