Analyse du climat aux échelles locales dans le contexte du changement climatique
Adaptation ; Changement climatique ; Changement global ; Climat ; Climat local ; Echelle multidimensionnelle ; Modélisation
Adaptation ; Climate ; Climatic change ; Global change ; Local climate ; Modelling ; Multidimensional scaling
Le changement global aura inévitablement des répercussions sur le climat local, ce qui pose bien des questions, ne serait-ce que pour améliorer l'adaptation. Mais aucun modèle n'apporte encore de solution satisfaisante aux échelles fines. - (JPB)
Half-told stories of climate change : school geography and (un)sustainable development
Allemagne ; Bayern ; Changement climatique ; Concept ; Cursus scolaire ; Développement durable ; Education ; Enseignement de la géographie ; Enseignement secondaire ; Géographie scolaire ; Mexique ; Recherche ; Roumanie
Bavaria ; Climatic change ; Concept ; Education ; Germany ; Mexico ; Research ; Romania ; School curriculum ; School geography ; Secondary education ; Sustainable development ; Teaching of geography
Representations of climate change in lower secondary geography curricula and textbooks from Bavaria (Germany), Romania and Mexico carry the characteristic fingerprints of their different national educational settings. Climate change is absent from
all but the Bavarian curriculum. The majority of the textbooks display a rather static view of what constitutes climate change. Textbook representations of climate change contribute to geographical knowledge acquisition. Cultural aspects shape
Soil erosion under the impacts of future climate change : Assessing the statistical significance of future changes and the potential on-site and off-site problems
Analyse statistique ; Changement climatique ; Erosion des sols ; Modèle ; Méthodologie ; Northern Ireland ; Royaume-Uni ; Scénario ; Seuil ; Utilisation du sol ; Vitesse d'érosion
Climatic change ; Erosion rate ; Land use ; Methodology ; Model ; Northern Ireland ; Scenario ; Soil erosion ; Statistical analysis ; Threshold ; United Kingdom
In this study, the AA. develop simple methodologies to assess the statistical significance of future soil erosion rates based on comparing relative changes to natural variability around present-day rates, and determine whether these changes may
of climate change are modelled using statistical downscaling methods and a simple sensitivity analysis in the case of sub-daily precipitation data, whilst a scenario approach is taken in order to model the indirect impacts of changing land use and management
. Results indicate a mix of soil erosion increases and decreases, depending on which scenarios are considered, and off-site problems likely to be more severe under the impacts of climate change.
Afrique du Sud ; Changement climatique ; Changement urbain ; Climat ; Climat urbain ; Durban ; Développement durable ; England ; Environnementalisme ; Etats-Unis ; Gestion des ressources ; Gouvernance ; Ilot de chaleur ; KwaZulu-Natal ; London
Climate ; Climatic change ; Czech Republic ; England ; Environmentalism ; Governance ; Heat island ; KwaZulu-Natal ; London ; Manchester ; Neo liberalism ; Oregon ; Resource management ; Seattle ; Settlement ; South Africa ; Sustainable development
; Town ; United Kingdom ; United States of America ; Urban change ; Urban climate ; Urbanization ; Washington State
Les AA. analysent l'urbanisation et le changement climatique au travers des articles suivants : 1-Cities and climate change : the precedents and why they matter ; 2-Neoliberal urban environmentalism and the adaptive city : towards a critical urban
theory and climate change ; 3-The uneven localisation of climate action in metropolitan Seattle ; 4-The socio-institutional dynamics of urban climate governance : a comparative analysis of innovation and change in Durban (KZN, South Africa) and Portland
(OR, USA) ; 5-The intermediary organisation of low carbon cities : a comparative analysis of transitions in Greater London and Greater Manchester ; 6-Grassroots localisation ? the scalar potential of and limits of the ‘transition’ approach to climate change
Australia ; Climate ; Climatic change ; Ecological footprint ; Governance ; Post-politics ; Temporality ; Theory
This paper examines the post-politics of climate change in Australia and discuss an important but otherwise little remarked temporality. First, we note the spatial structuring of Rancière's post-political theorization as it informs geographical
research on the governance of social and environmental issues. Second, we identify a post-politics in climate change policy developed by the Australian federal government (under Rudd then Gillard) which culminated in 2011 with its carbon pricing proposals
and subsequent clean energy plan. Third, referring to the discursive material associated with these developments, we discuss the critical importance of time in the climate change debate, returning us to comment on the problematic temporality of post-politics
This paper explores the perverse effects of climate change adaptation policies and financing in the Republic of Kiribati, a low-lying island nation in the Central Pacific. It examines how encounters between financiers and government officials might
produce vulnerability to climate change. By discussing several instances where Government of Kiribati elites are required to enact vulnerability in order to secure climate change adaptation financing, it demonstrates that such encounters are performative
China ; Climate ; Climatic change ; Climatic data ; Interannual variability ; Seasonal cycle ; Solar radiation ; Temperature
to 2007 respectively. The changes in the parameters for the 2 periods are revealed to explore the impact of climate change on these parameters. While the annual means and the amplitudes of the seasonal cycle show a clear change, the interannual variability
, the timings of the seasonal cycles, and the temporal correlations for each variable remain practically unchanged. This indicates that climate changes in China over the last 57 years are mainly reflected in variations in the means and in the strength
of the seasonal cycles. The changed parameters have implications for the stationary assumption implied in the parameter estimation and use of the weather generator for climate change studies.
Aeolian features ; Aeolian transport ; Arid area ; China ; Dune ; Environmental change ; Geochronology ; Semi-arid area ; Vegetation
Here the AA. summarized recent advances in research on the formation, development, and sediment characteristics of nebkhas and their significance to environmental changes in arid and semiarid regions. Based on the reviews of previous studies, the AA
. suggested that research on nebkha formation can provide distinct clues about environmental changes in arid and semiarid regions; however, continued studies are needed.
Assessing cultural-spatial change in European border areas. Theory-based considerations in developing an understanding of social (re)constructions of space
Allemagne ; Changement culturel ; Constructivisme social ; Coopération transfrontalière ; Espace transfrontalier ; Europe ; Frontière ; Institution ; Pratique sociale ; Processus d'apprentissage ; Région frontière ; Transnationalisme
Cultural change ; Europe ; Frontier ; Frontier region ; Germany ; Institution ; Learning process ; Social practice ; Trans-border area ; Trans-border cooperation ; Transnationalism
The article presents a theoretical approach to the empirical reconstruction of cultural-spatial change, building on knowledge sociology and social constructivism. A model is presented, based on the assumption that cultural-spatial change in European
Rethinking geopolitics in an era of climate change
Changement climatique ; Changement environnemental ; Climat ; Disponibilité en eau ; Désordre politique ; Géographie politique ; Géopolitique ; Modèle ; Ordre politique ; Productivité agricole ; Prévision ; Relations internationales ; Route maritime
Agricultural productivity ; Climate ; Climatic change ; Environmental change ; Forecast ; Geopolitics ; International relations ; Model ; Political geography
Les AA proposent de repenser la géopolitique en fonction des possibles impacts du changement climatique. Tout d’abord, ils présentent quatre modèles géopolitiques du monde puis analysent les implications des prévisions en matière de la disponibilité
en eau, de la productivité agricole, des impacts côtiers et des routes de transport maritime. Ils démontrent que les travaux reliant le changement climatique et la géopolitique permettent de préciser de quelle manière le futur dés(ordre) politique
sera-t-il conceptualisé. Ils proposent une approche plus dynamique et souple qui prend en compte les bouleversements provoqués par les changements climatiques et environnementaux.
Rice re-cultivation in southern China : An option for enhanced climate change resilience in rice production
Adaptation ; Agroclimatologie ; Analyse spatiale ; Années 1981-2030 ; Changement climatique ; Chine ; Chine du Sud ; Distribution spatiale ; Production agricole ; Ressource en eau ; Riz ; Résilience ; Sécheresse
Adaptation ; Agricultural production ; Agroclimatology ; China ; Climatic change ; Drought ; Resilience ; Rice ; Southern China ; Spatial analysis ; Spatial distribution ; Water resources
the changing seasonal drought in the process of rice production under the changing climate in the future, and identifies general rice re-cultivation options for climate change adaptation. It is indicated that due to climate change, seasonal drought in major
rice producing areas tends to alleviate in general, late season rice in particular. Future climate change brings about a significant impact on the spatial/temporal distribution of water resources in rice producing areas in China. Based on pre-designed
A study on the annual runoff change and its relationship with water and soil conservation practices and climate change in the middle Yellow River basin
Channel geometry ; China ; Climatic change ; Huang He ; Human impact ; Runoff ; Soil conservation ; Space time ; Watershed
Based on the long-term hydrological and meteorological series, DEM, soil database and documents of soil conservation measures of the middle Yellow River, investigations are made on the spatial and temporal changes of runoff and the impact of 11
Yellow River had a decreasing trend in the past 60 years, with 2 abrupt falls around the years 1971 and 1991. The results of the correlation analysis of the temporal series of runoff coefficient and influencing factors suggest that climate change
Brésil ; Changement social ; Communauté ; Espace urbain ; Religion ; Spiritualité ; Ville
Brazil ; Community ; Religion ; Social change ; Town ; Urban area
Au Brésil, on suggère que les évolutions spirituelles ont quelque chose à voir avec les changements politiques et culturels, notamment dans les communautés urbaines défavorisées (favelas) où les églises évangéliques sont très présentes. Implications
de ces changements à l'échelle des espaces urbains et des quartiers. Mutations socio-spatiales.
In this paper, the AA expose what they already know of the characteristics of the probability density function of climate change from coordinated climate modelling initiatives and what probabilistic statements can be derived from the quantification
and evaluation of climate change in a regional and seasonal context. The first aspect addresses the changing occurrence of heat events with a relatively long return period in past climate. The second issue deals with the distinctness of past and future climates
in the light of uncertainty. The third problem is dedicated to so-called probabilistic climate predictions in the form of overshooting and undershooting probabilities given various thresholds of climate change. Overall, probabilistic assessments in climate
change research allow for the quantification of uncertainty and, hence, provide valuable information for decision processes.
Temporal and spatial changes of temperature and precipitation in Hexi Corridor during 1955–2011
Années 1955-2011 ; Changement climatique ; Chine ; Espace-temps ; Gansu ; Hexi ; Précipitation ; Série chronologique ; Température ; Tendance du climat
China ; Climatic change ; Climatic trend ; Gansu ; Precipitation ; Space time ; Temperature ; Time series
at the scale of this region. The temperature and precipitation variation and abrupt change were examined by means of linear regression, five-year moving average, non-parameter Mann-Kendall test, accumulated variance analysis and Pettitt test method. Conclusions
provide evidence of warming and wetting across the Hexi Corridor. The mean annual temperature in Hexi Corridor increased significantly in recent 57 years. The abrupt change phenomenon of the annual temperature was detected mainly in 1986. No consistent
abrupt change was detected in precipitation in this study area, but the rainy season precipitation abrupt change was mainly observed in 1968.
Hydroclimatological changes in the Bagmati River Basin, Nepal
Années 1980-2009 ; Bagmati ; Bassin-versant ; Changement climatique ; Donnée ; Débit de pointe ; Hydroclimatologie ; Népal ; Précipitation ; Température ; Tendance du climat
Climatic change ; Climatic trend ; Data ; Hydroclimatology ; Nepal ; Peak discharge ; Precipitation ; Temperature ; Watershed
In this study, the temperatures (maximum and minimum), precipitation, and discharge data from 1980 to 2009 were used to detect the hydroclimatological changes in the Bagmati River Basin, Nepal. Simple linear regression and Mann-Kendall test
statistic were used to examine the significant trend of temperature, precipitation, and discharge. Increasing trend of temperature was found in all seasons, although the change rate was different in different seasons for both minimum and maximum temperatures
. Both precipitation and discharge trend were increasing in the pre-monsoon season, but decreasing in the post-monsoon season. Furthermore, the intensity of peak discharge was increasing, though there was not an obvious change in the intensity of maximum
precipitation events. It is expected that all these changes have effects on agriculture, hydropower plant, and natural biodiversity in the mountainous river basin of Nepal.
The dynamic multiscale nature of climate change vulnerability : an Inuit harvesting example
Agriculture ; Arctique ; Changement climatique ; Climat ; Conditions de vie ; Inuit ; Moyens d'existence ; Nunavut ; Risque climatique ; Récolte ; Utilisation du sol ; Variation climatique ; Vulnérabilité
Agriculture ; Arctic Region ; Climate ; Climatic change ; Climatic hazard ; Climatic variation ; Crop ; Inuit ; Land use ; Livelihood ; Living conditions ; Nunavut ; Vulnerability
This article advances a vulnerability framework to understand how climatic risks and change are experienced and responded to by Inuit harvesters using a case study from Iqaluit, Nunavut. Results indicate that sea ice conditions are changing rapidly
of the Inuit socioecological system is indicative of high adaptive capacity to future change and indicates that climate change might pose more serious risks to the harvesting sector than previously assumed.
Alaska ; Biodiversity ; Climate ; Climatic change ; Climatic warming ; Community ; Food ; Knowledge ; Livelihood ; Perception ; United States of America
L’A. analyse les relations entre le changement climatique et les pratiques de subsistance de la communauté des Nets’aii Gwich’in d’un village de l’Alaska. En se basant sur la connaissance traditionnelle écologique et les observations des villageois
, il démontre que les niveaux d’activités, tels que la chasse et la pêche sont en baisse et explique que le changement climatique a un impact sur la qualité de leur alimentation. Il conclut que leurs perceptions n’expliquent que partiellement les
changements de comportement de subsistance et qu’il serait utile de distinguer les impacts du changement climatique des autres forces sociales et économiques, qui elles aussi, jouent un rôle dans ces communautés indigènes.