Changement global ; Circulation atmosphérique ; Effet de serre ; Great Britain ; Irlande ; Masse d'air ; Modèle ; Précipitation ; Royaume-Uni ; Type de temps ; Variation climatique
Air mass ; Atmospheric circulation ; Climatic variation ; Global change ; Great Britain ; Greenhouse effect ; Ireland ; Model ; Precipitation ; United Kingdom ; Weather type
The geographical distribution of daily precipitation with each of the Lamb-classification circulation types is examined for 65 locations in Britain and Ireland. Changes in the frequency of the 27 categories identified by Lamb are then examined over
130 years of record. A significant change in the make-up of the synoptic circulation is seen to have occurred in recent decades. Future precipitation will be determined partly by such changes in airflow types.
Conceptualizing countryside change : from post-Fordism to rural structured coherence
Campagne ; Changement social ; Great Britain ; Restructuration économique ; Royaume-Uni ; Théorie ; Vie rurale
Countryside ; Economic restructuring ; Great Britain ; Rural life ; Social change ; Theory ; United Kingdom
Débats théoriques relatifs à la restructuration économique et à la recomposition sociale des zones rurales. A propos de post-Fordism et de changements ruraux, l'A. insiste sur les concepts intermédiaires de mode de régulation et notion de société
Thresholds for channel change on two contrasting pro-glacial river fans, West Greenland
Thresholds for channel change were investigated on two proglacial outwash fans, one silty, the other gravelly, over different temporal and spatial scales. Model outputs were defined in terms of planimetric change, braiding intensity, fan incision
Tools for assessing the impact of climate change on freshwater fish populations
The AA. examine the use of bioenergetic models to predict the impact of climate change on the growth of individual fish and the use of thermal habitat models to assess the impact of climate change on population abundance. They examine also the use
of life cycle models to assess the impact of climate change on the zoogeographic distribution of species. Finally, they identify new research required to further develop these methods.
Possible impact of climatic change on forested landscapes in Central Europe: a review
This paper briefly reviews and tentatively discusses 1) former climatic changes and their impact on forests, 2) the impact of climatic warming on the genetic constitution of forest trees, their physiological processes, and the possible alteration
of forest environments, 3) the changes in the latitudinal and altitudinal zonation of forests, 4) the repercussions of possible diseases and pests on the vitality of forests, and 5) changes in the function of forests in Central European landscapes.
Ce dossier comprend 3 séries : les causes du changement climatique (11 fiches) ; les impacts du changement climatique (15 fiches) ; la réponse internationale au changement climatique (32 fiches). Une vingtaine de fiches existent aussi en français.
Atmospheric circulation ; Climatic variation ; Climatology ; Global change ; Human impact ; Model ; Potential evapotranspiration ; Precipitation ; Statistics ; United States ; Water balance ; Water resources
Climate change is simulated using a stochastic weather generator model forced to simulate an increase in temperature of 2.5oC and in precipitation of 10 percent over a 50-year period. Output from the climate simulations are input into a water
balance model. Simulations are performed for five climate divisions along a transect from semiarid western Kansas to humid eastern Missouri. When attempting to detect the climate change signal in hydroclimatic variables, temperature and potential
evapotranspiration are the most sensitive while annual runoff is not useful as a potential indicator of change.
Changement global ; Domaine subarctique ; Effet de serre ; Pergélisol ; Propriétés du sol ; Température ; Variation climatique ; Végétation ; Zone froide
Climatic variation ; Cold area ; Global change ; Greenhouse effect ; Permafrost ; Soil properties ; Subarctic area ; Temperature ; Vegetation
The assessment of the effects of climatic change on permafrost is very complicated, as ground temperatures are influenced by local factors, which are interrelated with climate. Most important of these local factors are the snow cover thickness
and duration, the vegetation, and the organic layer and soil properties. Variations in these variables may either enhance or counteract each other, which makes it difficult to predict the accumulated effect of all changes. The analysis of permafrost temperature
as a function of depth appears to yield a temporally integrated record of air temperature changes in the past.
Gentrification in recession : social change in six Canadian inner cities, 1981-1986
Canada ; Centre-ville ; Changement social ; Embourgeoisement ; Marché du logement ; Quartier urbain ; Restructuration économique ; Statut social ; Tertiaire supérieur ; Voisinage
Canada ; Economic restructuring ; Gentrification ; Housing market ; Inner city;Town centre ; Neighbourhood ; Quaternary sector ; Social change ; Social status ; Urban district
L'A. étudie les effets induits de la récession de 1982-83 sur le degré d'embourgeoisement dans six agglomérations canadiennes. Il apparaît que les changements de statut social des résidents se sont accélérés, tandis que le dynamisme du secteur
tertiaire supérieur s'affirmait. La configuration spatiale des changements est bien mise en valeur et montre des situations plus diverses, à mesure que ce processus social devient plus complexe, et sa trajectoire plus chaotique.
Impacts possibles des changements climatiques globaux sur la santé humaine
Action anthropique ; Bioclimatologie ; Bioclimatologie humaine ; Changement global ; Effet de serre ; Environnement global ; Modèle ; Réchauffement ; Santé ; Simulation ; Variation climatique
Bioclimatology ; Climatic variation ; Global change ; Global environment ; Greenhouse effect ; Health ; Heating;Warming ; Human bioclimatology ; Human impact ; Model ; Simulation
Les changements annoncés dans la perspective d'un renforcement de l'effet de serre atmosphérique et les changements déjà constatés avec la déplétion de la couche d'ozone stratosphérique ne peuvent pas manquer d'avoir des répercussions, favorables ou
Prediction and assessment of potential effects of global environmental change on freshwater sport fish habitat in British Columbia
Biogéographie ; British Columbia ; Canada ; Changement global ; Eau douce ; Environnement ; Habitat ; Modèle ; Poisson
Biogeography ; British Columbia ; Canada ; Environment ; Fish ; Fresh water ; Global change ; Habitat;Settlement ; Model
A number of useful models are available to help predict these global environmental changes acting through alterations in stream discharge and periodicity, ice-free period, water temperature, epilimnial depth and volume, dissolved oxygen level
and hypolomnetic depletion rate, all of which are major determinants of sport fish habitat quality and quantity. There is great regional difference in the direction and severity of probable effects of global environmental change within the province, in some areas
Scenarios from the past are chosen which show environmental conditions similar to the present and possible near-future ones in order to evaluate the consequences of specific paleoclimatic changes for landscape evolution. Then, the degree
of equivalence between the analogous geological events and the actual situations can be discussed. Two cases of rapid warming are taken from the geological history to illustrate the impact of such a climatic change on the landscape of the lowlands
Response of the Columbia River fluvial system to Holocene climatic change
Changement global ; Datation C14 ; Etats-Unis ; Fluviatile ; Holocène ; Palynologie ; Paléo-environnement ; Prévision ; Quaternaire ; Variation climatique ; Washington State
C14 dating ; Climatic variation ; Fluvial processes ; Forecast;Prediction ; Global change ; Holocene ; Paleo-environment ; Palynology ; Quaternary ; United States ; Washington State
To determine the response of the Columbia River system to Holocene climatic change and to suggest a pattern of response to future climatic change, the AA. have examined the alluvial history of the Columbia and Okanogan rivers in north-central
Technological change and household food supply in a West African maritime economy
Fishing on Sierra Leone's Sherbro Coast is divided into a technology using traditional canoes and simple gear and one with outboard motors and nylon nets. The latter is market-oriented and has brought larger households, dietary changes, and more
Two dimensional change on sandy beaches in meso-tidal estuaries
Comparaison avec des modèles antérieurs, des modifications de profils de plages, consécutives à des changements de l'angle d'incidence des vagues et des bilans sédimentaires des courants parallèles à la côte.
Changes in the family status of elderly women in Korea
The AA. use family-status life tables to assess the effects of changes in demographic processes (sharp decline in fertility and mortality, aging population) on the family status of elderly women and to project trends in elderly women's family status.
Albedo ; Arctic Ocean;Arctic Region ; Atmosphere ; Climatic variation ; Cryosphere ; Geographical information system ; Global change ; Ice ; Remote sensing
Etudie à l'aide de la télédétection la nature des interactions cryosphère-atmosphère dans le Bassin polaire et contribue à la compréhension de la variabilité et du changement de climat.―(L. Dion).
Effects of the September 21, 1989 hurricane on the Isle of Palms, South Carolina, and the changes that have occurred in the cultural landscape since then. Many small wood frame houses have been removed in favor of modern dwellings and more houses