Impacts of global climate change in a hydrologically vulnerable region : challenges to South African hydrologists
Afrique du Sud ; Bilan hydrologique ; Changement global ; Echelle ; El Niño ; Evaporation ; Hydrologie ; Modèle ; Précipitation ; Ressource en eau ; Simulation ; Température ; Variabilité interannuelle ; Variation climatique ; Variation saisonnière
Climatic variation ; El Niño ; Evaporation ; Global change ; Hydrology ; Interannual variability ; Model ; Precipitation ; Scale ; Seasonal variation ; Simulation ; South Africa ; Temperature ; Water balance ; Water resources
South Africa is already hydrologically vulnerable and this is likely to be exacerbated by both nonpermanent ENSO-related as well as more permanently greenhouse-gas forced climate changes. Climate change effects are explained by way
Afrique du Sud ; Changement global ; Circulation atmosphérique ; Climat ; Climat régional ; Modèle ; Précipitation ; Réchauffement climatique ; Simulation ; Variation climatique
Atmospheric circulation ; Climate ; Climatic variation ; Climatic warming ; Global change ; Model ; Precipitation ; Regional climate ; Simulation ; South Africa
This article provides a critical assessment of the techniques and approaches to modelling regional climate and climate change and their application in southern Africa. Particular attention will be given to addressing uncertainties associated
with modelling regional climate and their effect on developing regional climate change scenarios.
Cainozoic environmental change in southern Africa, with special emphasis on the last 200 000 years
Afrique du Sud ; Changement global ; Circulation atmosphérique ; Cycle climatique ; Cénozoïque ; Insolation ; Interaction océan-atmosphère ; Mouvement vertical ; Paléoclimatologie ; Précipitation ; Tectonique ; Température de surface ; Variation
Atmospheric circulation ; Cenozoic ; Climatic cycle ; Climatic variation ; Global change ; Insolation ; Ocean atmosphere interaction ; Palaeoclimatology ; Precipitation ; South Africa ; Surface temperature ; Tectonics ; Vertical movement
, in contrast, strongly influenced regional climates in east and southern Africa, especially during the late Neogene, and has accentuated the east-west moisture gradient which has prevailed, with minor interruptions, since the Oligocene. Diachronistic changes
Climatic variability and change over southern Africa : a reflection on underlying processes
of the region during the twentieth century is described. The atmospheric characteristics of wet and dry years are then described and related to changes in the disposition of major rain-producing weather systems. Finally, evidence for long-term trends