Carbon storage in desertified lands : a case study from North China
Biogéochimie ; Carbonate ; Chine ; Chine du Nord ; Cycle du carbone ; Domaine aride ; Désertification ; Effet de serre ; Sol
Arid area ; Biogeochemistry ; Carbon cycle ; Carbonate ; China ; Desertification ; Greenhouse effect ; Northern China ; Soil
Regional accumulations of pedogenic carbonates were examined relative to precipitation, altitude, and temperature. The largest accumulations of pedogenic carbonates were found in calcic soils in warm, arid areas. In the naturally desertified lands
of China, total stored carbon, including carbonatecarbon, is 1,8-fold more than organic carbone alone. The carbon released through land desertification in China may be an important factor affecting changes in concentrations of greenhouse gases worldwide.
La nature des variétés de l'atome de carbone. Facteurs cosmophysiques déterminant la présence de carbone abiotique sur la planète Terre. Migration du carbone d'origine cosmique. Le carbone abiotique et le pétrole.
Capitalizing on the carbon sequestration potential of agroforestry in Germany’s agricultural landscapes : realigning the climate change mitigation and landscape conservation agendas
The paper calls for greater integration of scattered trees into agricultural landscapes, hypothesizing that agroforestry practices effectively store carbon and deliver other important ecosystem services. Several agroforests from the Upper Lusatia
have been selected. Practices of conserving or promoting six agroforest classes are compared with a catalogue of essential properties for becoming effective carbon offset projects. Criteria from mandatory and voluntary carbon markets for carbon
sequestration are then applied. The study concludes that steps towards realization of ‘carbon sequestration projects’ should include collecting empirical evidence regarding the carbon sequestration potential of temperate agroforestry systems.
Estimation of soil organic carbon reservoir in China
Carbone ; Changement global ; Chine ; Cycle du carbone ; Ecosystème ; Géochimie ; Matière organique ; Propriétés du sol ; Sol ; Système d'information géographique ; Variation spatiale
Carbon ; Carbon cycle ; China ; Ecosystem ; Geochemistry ; Geographical information system ; Global change ; Organic materials ; Soil ; Soil properties ; Spatial variation
This paper uses measured data and the technique of geographical information system to calculate the terrestrial soil organic carbon reservoir, tries to analyze the spatial distribution characteristics of soil carbon reservoir and discusses the role
of soil organic carbon reservoir on the global change.
Many of the essays focus on the materiality of carbon : its physical properties and how this affects its enrolment into the global circuits of capital. Many contributions highlight the need to take seriously the biophysical properties of carbon
. These properties may give rise to new governance challenges (in terms of commodification, measurement and exchange) or produce distinct forms of socio-ecological relations. There is a focus on the scalar politics of the new carbon economy and the specific
governance challenges it generates. There are claims of the uneven development that results on the ways in which carbon is commodified.
Etudes au carbone radioactif comme base d'évaluation des flux de carbone dans le système sol-atmosphère
Carbone ; Cycle du carbone ; Datation C 14 ; Flux ; Humus ; Interaction sol-atmosphère ; Paléosol ; Russie d'Europe ; Sol
C 14 dating ; Carbon ; Carbon cycle ; European part of Russia ; Flow ; Humus ; Palaeosol ; Soil
Des modèles de renouvellement du carbone des sols d'après des données de carbone 14 sont utilisés pour évaluer les flux de carbone du système sol-atmosphère aux niveaux local et régional. Etablissement des vitesses d'échange du carbone et de leurs
Samples taken from loess and paleosols were examined for carbonate content. The main results were: 1) the carbonate content measured differed significantly when the samples were analysed jointly with the concretions occuring in them or separately
from these constituents; 2) solubility of different carbonates (calcite, dolomite, aragonite etc.) was found different. This factor also might have influenced the measured total amounts of carbonates.
Carbon fluxes from eroding peatlands – the carbon benefit of revegetation following wildfire
Bassin-versant ; Cycle du carbone ; Derbyshire ; Ecologie appliquée ; England ; Peak District National Park ; Restauration écologique ; Royaume-Uni ; Séquestration du carbone ; Tourbière
Applied ecology ; Carbon cycle ; Carbon sequestration ; Derbyshire ; Ecological restoration ; England ; Peat bog ; United Kingdom ; Watershed
The AA. measured the carbon budget of 8 sites: 4 restored-revegetated sites, 2 unrestored bare soil control sites, and 2 intact vegetated controls over 2 years (2006-2008). They considered the following flux pathways: dissolved organic carbon (DOC
); particulate organic carbon (POC); dissolved carbon dioxide (CO2); primary productivity; net ecosystem respiration, and methane (CH4). The study shows that unrestored, bare peat sites can have significant carbon losses. Most sites showed improved carbon budgets
(decreased source and/or increased sink of carbon) after restoration; this improvement was mainly in the form of a reduction in the size of the net carbon source, but for one restored site the measured carbon budget after 4 years of restoration was greater
than observed for vegetated controls. Therefore, the carbon sequestration benefit of peatland restoration is evaluated.
Modélisation d'interactions physico-chimiques dans un système C-Cl-Na-O-H-e par l'établissement de la redistribution dirigée entre les phases de composés de carbone de divers degrés d'oxydation dans un système carbone-eau, afin d'essayer d'expliquer
Carbon ; Carbonate ; Geochemistry ; Holocene ; Isotope analysis ; Nevada ; Oxygen 18 ; Palaeoclimatology ; Semi-arid area ; Soil ; United States
The AA. examine stable and radiogenic isotopes of C and stable isotopes of O in carbonate sampled from gravel coatings and soil matrix in three Holocene soils from a semiarid region in Nevada. By comparing isotopic measurements with modeled stable
isotope profiles and radiocarbon ages, the AA. assess the nature of soil carbonate with respect to its origin (detrital, dust, or pedogenic) and dynamic nature (closed or open to atmospheric CO2) over time.
Carbonate leaching rates in several soils in Switzerland and in the Lake Constance region were calculated and related to landscape development. The leached depth of the soil, the carbonate content and the soil density profile are sensitive to soil
age. A first database of carbonate leaching and its relationship to soil age is presented. A simple relationship between the amount of precipitation and carbonate losses was found.
Changement global ; Corrélation ; Cycle du carbone ; Dioxyde de carbone ; Effet de serre ; Population ; Prévision ; Réchauffement climatique ; Siècle 21
Carbon cycle ; Carbon dioxide ; Climatic warming ; Correlation ; Forecast ; Global change ; Greenhouse effect ; Population ; Twenty-first century
Aspects clés du problème du changement global du climat en mettant l'accent sur la dynamique du cycle du carbone. Suggestion d'un modèle simple semi-empirique basé sur l'utilisation de la relation entre les émissions globales de dioxyde de carbone
Powered by the state or finance? The organization of China’s carbon markets
Carbone ; Chine ; Echange de carbone ; Effet de serre ; Energie ; Financement ; Législation ; Marché ; Marché du carbone ; Organisation non gouvernementale ; Rôle de l'Etat ; Secteur financier
Carbon ; Carbon market ; China ; Energy ; Financing ; Greenhouse effect ; Legislation ; Market ; Non-governmental organization ; Role of the State
This paper reviews the progress of carbon trading in China and examines the involvement of the state and financial sectors. The results show a hierarchical relationship between the state and finance and a clear asymmetry of power in the organization
of China’s carbon markets. It concludes that China has put the market-based policy instrument of carbon trading under a substantial concentration of state power. Also, the findings have important implications for understanding the rise of carbon markets
L'a. étudie les effets sur l'agriculture d'une haute concentration de dioxyde de carbone d'une part, des changements climatiques d'autre part| 3 analyses d'impact sont présentées.