Années 1970-1995 ; Azote ; Base de données ; Bassin-versant ; Elbe ; Europe ; Flux ; Hydrochimie ; Modèle ; Phosphore ; Pollution ; Prévision ; Rhin
This study deals with a large scale analysis of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P.) fluxes for the entire Rhina and Elbe basins. The first aim was to develop and test models that can describe the flux of nutrients from pollution sources to the river
outlet at the river basin scale. A second aim was to apply these models in order to summarise the N and P fluxes in the Rhine and Elbe basin for the period 1970-1995 and to predict them up to 2020. - (AGD)
A cross-scale comparison of drainage basin characteristics derived from digital elevation models
Bassin-versant ; Echelle ; Etats-Unis ; Modèle numérique ; Pente de versant ; Réseau de drainage ; Système d'information géographique ; West Virginia
The feasibility of using small-scale digital elevation models (DEMs) to extract various drainage basin characteristics was evaluated by comparing basin parameters derived from the 1:250 000 DEMs with those from the 1:24 000DEMs. Twenty basins
ranging approximately from 150 km2 to 1000 km2 in West Virginia, a geologically complex region, were examined in this study. The AA. found that the performance of the 1:250 000 DEMs was not significantly influenced by basin size, while terrain complexity
seems to be an important factor of accuracy of the estimated basin parameters.
This review shows that hypsometry could be sensitive to various forcing factors such as tectonics, lithology and climate. Numerical and experimental modelling further shows the dependence of hypsometry on basin geometry. This study focuses
on the sensitivity of hypsometry to different Digital Elevation Model (DEM) resolutions and on the influence of drainage area. With their results, the AA. propose that the scale dependence may reflect the varying importance of river and hillslope processes with basin
Highest pluvial-lake shorelines and Pleistocene climate of the Western Great Basin
Shoreline altitudes of several pluvial lakes in the western Great Basin of North America record successively smaller lakes from the early to the late Pleistocene. This decrease in lake size indicates a long-term drying trend in the regional climate
that is not seen in global marine oxygen-isotope records. The previously unknown lake levels also reflect significant changes in tectonics, and (or) drainage-basin configurations, and could have facilitated migration of aquatic species in the Great Basin.
Bassin fluvial ; Colorado ; Cours d'eau ; Danube ; Droit international ; Dégradation de l'environnement ; Elbe ; Ganga ; Gestion de l'eau ; Lutte contre la pollution ; Législation ; Qualité de l'eau ; Relations internationales ; Rhin
Colorado ; Danube ; Environmental degradation ; Ganges River ; International laws ; International relations ; Legislation ; Pollution control ; Rhine ; River basin ; Stream ; Water management ; Water quality
Le problème du contrôle de la qualité des eaux internationales est souvent ajourné ou négligé dans les traités relatifs aux bassins fluviaux internationaux. L'accent est mis sur la manière dont la qualité de l'eau est abordée dans sept accords
concernant des bassins fluviaux internationaux. Une grille permet d'effectuer une étude comparée de ces bassins. Etude de la manière dont les diverses forces en présence sont mobilisées pour influencer les aspects des traités portant sur la qualité de l'eau.
Analyse de régression ; Analyse discriminante ; Bassin-versant ; British Columbia ; Canada ; Coulée boueuse ; Géomorphométrie ; Modèle ; Montagne ; Mouvement de masse ; Précipitation ; Risque naturel
Debris flow frequency and magnitude were determined for 33 basins in southwest British Columbia. Basins are divided into 2 groups using multivariate discriminant analysis : transport-limited basins and weathering limited-basins. Having classified
the basins according to sediment supply conditions, multiple regression is used to predict debris flow attributes in each group. An independent test of the regression models with 11 basins yielded generally good results for debris flow magnitude and peak
massif du Jura franco-suisse est à ce titre exemplaire. L'A. essaie de saisir l'importance de ces flux, au travers de quelques exemples, qui montrent l'existence de bassins de vie et de bassins d'emploi transfrontaliers dans le cadre desquels se déroulent
Use of cosmogenic 35S for comparing ages of water from three alpine-subalpine basins in the Colorado Front Range
Analyse isotopique ; Bassin-versant ; Colorado ; Eau de fonte ; Etats-Unis ; Hydrochimie ; Hydrologie ; Montagne ; Qualité de l'eau ; Rocky Mountains ; Temps de résidence
time of water. In this paper, the effect of basin morphology on the release of snowmelt water to surface streams is explored. The activity of 35S is used to compare the estimated ages of water exiting 3 small alpine-subalpine basins in north-central
Colorado : Fern and Spruce Creek basins and, in contrast, Boulder Brook basin.
Comportement hydrochimique après incendie de forêt du bassin versant du Rimbaud (massif des Maures, France)
Années 1990 ; Bassin-versant ; Charge en solution ; Crue ; France ; Hydrochimie ; Incendie de forêt ; Minéralisation ; Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur ; Var
En août 1990, un incendie de forêt a parcouru 84% de la superficie du bassin versant du Rimbaud, constitué de gneiss, avec un relief assez vigoureux et des sols peu épais. Cette étude rapporte les observations réalisées pendant 4 années après le feu
. Les exportations en solution et les bilans hydrochimiques sont comparés avec les résultats obtenus sur le même bassin versant avant le feu et sur un bassin versant voisin non brûlé.
Bassin parisien ; Behaviour ; Commuting ; Employment area ; Flow ; France ; Gravity model ; Journey to work ; Spatial interaction
Le point sur la situation à la fin de 1995. Un modèle de gravité mesure l'interaction spatiale entre les bassins d'emploi. Un modèle de régression logistique distingue les facteurs individuels qui guident le choix de résider loin du lieu de travail
The role of soil creep and slope failure in the landscape evolution of a head water basin : field measurements in a zero order basin of northern Japan
Bassin-versant ; Géotechnique ; Hokkaidô ; Humidité du sol ; Japon ; Mouvement de masse ; Précipitation ; Reptation ; Température du sol
Field measurements of soil creep and slope stability were conducted on a nose, side-slope and hollow in a zero order basin near Sapporo, Hokkaido, northern Japan, and the preferential location of soil creep and slope failure was determined. Soil
L'A. compare le développement actuel du bassin pacifique à l'évolution historique du bassin méditerranéen. Les progrès technologiques dans le domaine des transports et de la communication rendent possibles l'intégration d'un bassin étendu comme le
Surface features of the Salt Basin of Lancaster County, Nebraska
The purposes of this study are to : 1) examine the macromorphology and micromorphology of surface accumulations of salts in the Salt Basin; 2) describe the pedological, chemical, and biological features associated with surface accumulations of salt
; 3) interpret the origin of salts crusts, salt flats, and saline wetlands using modern scientific data and historical accounts; and 4) compare pedological features of the Salt Basin with other soils in the surrounding area and with similar surface
Neotectonic and morphotectonic implications of the Nile Delta basin, Egypt
The effect of the Late Cenozoic tectonics (neotectonics) and their associated morphotectonics on the Nile Delta basin since the Late Miocene are discussed. The Nile Delta site seems to be affected by basement-related tectonics as it is located
in a downwarped basin with numerous active normal faults. This activity can be attributed to the continuous convergence of Eurasian and African plates. However, regular geodetic measurements are necessarily required to qualify the recent movements of the Nile
Grande différence entre les comportements des cours d'eau du Moyen Atlas et du Rif. Irrégularités saisonnières et interannuelles dont l'intensité dépend des caractéristiques lithologiques et climatologiques des sous-bassins. Alternance régulière de
Landsliding in the Likhu Khola drainage basin, Middle Hills of Nepal
Bassin-versant ; Développement durable ; Erosion des sols ; Glissement de terrain ; Middle Hills ; Népal ; Terrasse ; Utilisation agricole du sol ; Utilisation du sol
This paper reports the results of a three-year study of landsliding (1991,1992 and 1993) in 4 subcatchments of the Likhu Khola basin, Middle Hills, Nepal. The largest failures occurred in the drier south-facing catchments, the vast majority being
Watershed processes are modeled by dividing the upper basin of the Deschutes River (Oregon) into four units with maximum hydroclimatic homogeneity. Author finds greater diversity between the sectors than precipitation of runoff amounts would suggest
La formation et le développement de la série intérieure de bassins dans les Carpates orientales
Author provides an overview about the geological formation and geomorphological development of the inner string of basins in the Eastern Carpathians (Romania). - (ZK)
Pratiques agricoles et pollution diffuse des eaux de surface. Premiers résultats sur l'ion nitrate dans le bassin versant du Coët-Dan (Naizin - 56) et ses sous-bassins de Kervidy et de la Villeneuve
Agricultural practices and diffuse pollution of surface waters. First results on the nitrate ion in the Coët-Dan drainage basin (Naizin - 56) and its Kervidy and La Villeneuve sub-basins
Agriculture ; Azote ; Bassin versant ; Bretagne ; Déchet agricole ; Eau potable ; Engrais ; Europe ; Europe Ouest ; France ; Gestion ressource eau ; Milieu littoral ; Nitrate ; Pollution ; Qualité eau
Brittany ; Europe ; France ; Western Europe ; agricultural waste ; agriculture ; coastal environment ; drainage basins ; drinking water ; fertilizers ; nitrates ; nitrogen ; pollution ; water quality ; water resource management