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An approach to dynamic traffic assignment including solution methods
Allocation ; Dynamic model ; Model ; Optimization ; Traffic ; Transport ; Transport cost
In the paper, the constraint set of the dynamic traffic assignment problem is qualified first. The qualified constraint set can be applied to any dynamic traffic assignment problem. Then a continuous dynamic system optimum model and a discrete
dynamic system optimum are presented. The model can be applied to dynamic traffic assignment for multiple destination networks.

Synoptic and dynamic climatology

The dynamic models of geomorphological systems ( the qualitative theory of dynamic systems' application)

Geographical Information Systems and dynamic models
Climatic variation ; Concept ; Fluvial hydrology ; Geographical information system ; Heathland ; Netherlands (The) ; Vegetation dynamics ; Water balance ; Watershed
This research deals with approaches and concepts for a fruitful integration of dynamic models and GIS. It gives an overview of the current state of GIS and the characteristics of dynamic models. It is focussed on the concepts behind an integration
of dynamic models and GIS. The different case-studies in this work serve as examples of the techniques and concepts described earlier. These case-studies refer to water balance situations of large river basins with respect to their sensitivity to climatic
changes and to heathland dynamics.

A study on fluvial dynamic geomorphology and its experiment and simulation
Channel geometry ; China ; Discharge ; Experimentation ; Fluvial dynamics ; Fluvial erosion ; Fluvial processes ; Human impact ; Model ; Simulation ; Watershed
As a branch of geomorphology, the fluvial dynamic geomorphology is a marginal science among fluid dynamics, sediment mechanics and fluvial geomorphology. With physical modelling by similarity based on Newtonian mechanics, and principle of the same
effect but different structure based on systematic theory, it is possible to study properties, formation and processes in fluvial dynamic geomorphology. A new research method, which is a combination of mathematical simulation by computer with physical

A nonlinear dynamical model of landslide evolution
A nonlinear dynamical model for the evolution of landslide is proposed. The parameters of this model are obtained through an improved iterative algorithm of inversion developed in the paper. Based on the nonlinear dynamical model and nonlinear
dynamical systems (NDS) theory, the approaches to determining the Lyapunov exponents, the predictable timescale and the stability criterion of the evolutional state of landslide are given. A case study of the Xintan slope is presented to illustrate
the capability and merit of the nonlinear dynamic model.

Dynamics of urban population growth in Nigeria: the role of repeated migration

Deep structure and recent dynamics in the Alps in Mountain building processes.

Dynamic allocation of urban space

Dynamic climatology : its history and future
Atmospheric circulation ; Atmospheric dynamics ; Climatic variation ; Climatology ; Concept ; History of sciences ; Model ; Weather type
Some aspects of the history of dynamic climatology are traced both forwards and backwards from the first use of the term in 1929. It is suggested that current emphasis in this subfield is placed upon atmospheric modelling.

Catastrophe theory ; Division of labour ; Economic structure ; Labour productivity ; Production fonction ; System dynamics ; Theory ; Urban dynamics ; Urbanization
The dynamic of urbanization can be produced by the transition from a low level stable equilibrium to a high level stable equilibrium corresponding to a cusp catastrophe. An economic theory yielding this type of dynamic is discussed, formalized

Biodiversity and extinction : the dynamics of geographic range size
Biodiversity ; Biogeography ; Extinction of species ; Human impact ; Model ; Population dynamics ; Spatial distribution
In this progress report, the A. selectively reviews some recent advances in understanding of the temporal dynamics of geographic ranges : models, empirical evidence, human influences.

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