The goal of this paper is to review remote sensing studies applied in arctic environments to estimate vegetation community structure and biophysical properties. Tundra spectral characteristics and biomass estimation using vegetation indices
Late Weichselian glaciation of the Russian High Arctic
ArcticRegion ; Glaciation ; Ice sheet ; Model ; Palaeo-environment ; Palaeoclimate ; Quaternary ; Russia ; Sea level
the eastern Eurasian High Arctic, and plausible scenarios for the paleoclimate in this region.
A numerical model of the Eurasian High Arctic ice sheet is used to make predictions about the glaciation of the Kara Sea and Severnaya Zemlya. An inverse approach to modeling is adopted, where ice-sheet margins are forced to match those derived from
Aeolian features ; ArcticRegion ; Cold area ; Geochronology ; Greenland ; Ice sheet ; Lacustrine sediment ; Palaeo-environment
reconstructions for Arctic paleoenvironmental change research. Lake are a conspicious feature in the arctic landscape and can help to increase the spatial coverage of detailed environmental reconstruction. - (AGD)
Nature and distribution of frozen saline sediment on the Russian Arctic coast
ArcticRegion ; Coastal environment ; Cold area ; Freezing ; Periglacial features ; Permafrost ; Russia ; Saline soil ; Salinisation ; Soil properties
This paper examines frozen fine-grained soils, mainly of Pleistocene and Holocene age, that are distributed along the Arctic coast at the surface and which contain soluble salts. Salinization is determined by both the conditions at formation
with an increase in ice content. An important feature of the saline soils of the Russian Arctic coast is their heterogeneity.
This paper examines climatic and related environmental changes occurring in the Arctic and discusses how the changes may cascade throughout the world, with particularly pronounced effects in parts of Eurasia. The paper outlines numerous
manifestations of a warming Arctic climate, including reduced Arctic ice cap thickness and extent, reduction of the continuous permafrost zone, and changes in the conditions of terrestrial and marine habitats in the Far North. It explores how these changes have
already affected human activities in the area, creating both potential opportunities and problems in Arctic marine transportation, access to renewable and non-renewable resources, economic development, national security, and safety.
Effects of high-magnitude/low-frequency fluvial events generated by intense snowmelt or heavy rainfall in arctic periglacial environments in northern Swedish Lapland and northern Siberia
ArcticRegion ; Asian part of Russia ; Cold area ; Comparative study ; Heavy rain ; Lapland ; Meltwater ; Periglacial features ; Pic discharge ; Sediment budget ; Sediment transport ; Siberia ; Sweden ; Watershed
The characteristics of these events in the arctic-oceanic Latnjavagge drainage basin in northern Swedish Lapland are analysed and compared with snowmelt and rainfall-induced runoff peaks in the Krasnaya river system in arctic northern Siberia
. The results from these both arctic periglacial environments underline the high importance of high-magnitude/low-frequency fluvial events for the total fluvial sediment budgets of periglacial fluvial sediments. Restricted sediment avaibility is in both arctic
The study is divised into two parts: 1. a comparison of cold shallow-water, cold-climate fossil ostracods from southern Manitoba with modern counterparts in the arctic (Somerset side) and 2. a comparison of warm-water, temperature-climate fossil
Distribution of glaciofluvial sediment within and on the surface of a high arctic valley glacier : Marthabreen, Svalbard
ArcticRegion ; Cold area ; Fluvioglacial features ; Glacial flow ; Glacier ; Glaciology ; Polar region ; Spatial distribution ; Svalbard ; Tectonic thrust
Arctique ; Chevauchement tectonique ; Distribution spatiale ; Ecoulement glaciaire ; Fluvioglaciaire ; Glacier ; Glaciologie ; Région polaire ; Svalbard ; Zone froide
The aim of this paper is to describe the mechanisms of entrainment, transport and release of glaciofluvial sediment at the high arctic valley glacier Marthabreen (Svalbard), and to outline the ice-deformational processes that determine
Controls on suspended-sediment transfer at a High-Arctic glacier, determined from statistical modelling
ArcticRegion ; Glacier ; Meltwater ; Model ; Multivariate analysis ; Polar region ; Regression analysis ; Suspended load ; Time series
Analyse de régression ; Analyse multivariée ; Arctique ; Charge en suspension ; Eau de fonte ; Glacier ; Modèle ; Région polaire ; Série chronologique
This paper's aims have been : first, to identify what forms of regression model most successfully account for variance in an suspended-sediment concentration (SSC) time series from the proglacial stream of a High Arctic glacier, and second, to infer
In october 1990 an automatic station was established at the Arctic Station, Qeqertarsuaq, Central West Greenland (69°15'N, 53°31'W). This paper summarises main points of the climate during 1995.
Hydrology of a drainage basin in the Canadian High Arctic
Arctique ; Bassin-versant ; Bilan hydrologique ; Canada ; Cornwallis Island ; Ecoulement ; Fonte des neiges ; Géographie des régions polaires ; High Arctic ; Hydrologie ; Mc Master basin ; Neige ; Nivologie ; Permafrost ; Zone froide
Geography of polar regions
Hydrologic research in the permafrost region has focused mainly upon individual processes. This study integrates the various processes acting on a High Arctic drainage basin, emphasizing the roles played by the energy balance, the uneven snow cover
Studien zur periglazialen Reliefformung der zentralen Brooks Range und des Arctic Slope, Nord-Alaska Periglacial mesorelief forming of the central Brooks Range and the Arctic Slope, northern Alaska
Cette étude géomorphologique des Brooks Range (Philip Smith Mountains) et de l'Arctic Slope voisin concerne le modelé périglaciaire du mésorelief. A ce sujet deux questions se posent : 1) le modelé périglaciaire du relief montagneux. 2) Le modelé
Small patterned-ground features (PGFs) in the Arctic have unique soil properties that vary with latitude and may greatly affect tundra biogeochemistry. Because nitrogen availability can strongly limit arctic vegetation growth, the AA. examined how
soil nitrogen transformations differ between PGFs and the surrounding inter-PGF tundra along an arctic latitudinal gradient. The 8 study sites are located from the Alaskan Low Arctic to the Canadian High Arctic. The soils were incubated for 21 days at 9
influence on arctic ecosystem function.
[b3] Inst. of Arctic Biology, Univ. of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, Etats-Unis
This article aims to review critically various kinds of phenomenal records from the late 1980s, which are pertinent in the environmental change context. The account is restricted to the northern boreal zone and the Arctic.