Age and origin of forests in south-western Poland and their importance for ecological studies in man-dominated landscapes
Ecology ; Environmental management ; Forest ; Historical geography ; Land use ; Landscape ; Poland ; Spatial distribution
Aprovechamiento del suelo ; Bosque ; Distribución espacial ; Ecología ; Geografía histórica ; Gestión del medio ambiente ; Paisaje
The aim of the research is to describe the former and current distribution of forests from the first topographical map available, dated 1780, until the end of the twentieth century, in two regions in south-western Poland, and to present those
Traditional land use of the boreal forest landscape : examples from Lierne, Nord-Trøndelag, Norway
Biodiversity ; Boreal forest ; Ecology ; Environmental management ; Fodder ; Land use ; Nature conservation ; Norway
Aprovechamiento del suelo ; Biodiversidad ; Ecología ; Forraje ; Gestión del medio ambiente ; Noruega ; Protección de la naturaleza
The article documents former land use practices in a boreal forest landscape in Nordli, Central Norway, and discuss the ecological consequences with respect to conservation. Fodder harvesting methods are closely related to ecological conditions
and the production level in the boreal forest landscape. Burning to improve the forest pastures is a natural part of the traditional farming system. To ensure successful conservation of the biodiversity of these forests, former land use practices should be documented
Simulation on the dynamics of forest area changes in Northeast China
China ; Econometric model ; Forest ; Forestry ; Land use ; North-Eastern China ; Production ; Resource management ; Simulation ; Vegetation dynamics
Aprovechamiento del suelo ; Bosque ; China ; Dinámica de la vegetación ; Gestión de los recursos ; Modelo econométrico ; Producción ; Silvicultura ; Simulación
To explore the dynamics of forest area change in Northeast China, an econometric model is developed which is composed of three equations identifying forestry production, conversion from open forest to closed forest and conversion from other land
uses to closed forest so as to explore the impacts on the forest area changes from demographic, social, economic, location and geophysical factors. On this basis, the AA. employ the Dynamics ofLand System (DLS) model to simulate land-use conversions
between forest area and non-forest cover and the land-use conversions within the sub-classes of forest area for the period 2000–2020 under business as usual scenario, environmental protection scenario and economic growth scenario. The simulation results
show that forest area will expand continuously and there exist various kinds of changing patterns for the sub-classes of forest area.
Changing forest recovery dynamics in the northeastern United States
Análisis espacial ; Aprovechamiento del suelo ; Bosque ; Estado de Nueva York ; Estados Unidos ; Ocupación del suelo ; Paisaje rural ; Repoblacíon forestal ; Teledetección
Forest ; Land use ; Land utilisation ; New York State ; Reforestation ; Remote sensing ; Rural landscape ; Spatial analysis ; United States of America
Bidging natural and social sciences perspectives, the AA. contribute to a multidisciplinary literature on US forest change by documenting at a fine scale changing land-cover patterns, identifying their key geophysical and social driving forces
, and evaluating the strength and character of the on-going forest transition.
Assam ; Equatorial forest ; Forest ; Image analysis ; India ; Land use ; Nature reserve ; Rural landscape ; Vegetation dynamics
Análisis de imagen ; Aprovechamiento del suelo ; Bosque ; Dinámica de la vegetación ; India ; Paisaje rural ; Reserva natural ; Selva ecuatorial
The study assesses land-use change in the Nameri Tiger Reserve in Assam, using Landsat imageries. Dense forests decreased sharply while open forest increased marginally. The increases in the degraded and open forest categories occurred
at the expense of dense forests, which decreased. The number of patches in the NTR landscape recorded a fivefold increase indicating a high degree of fragmentation of the habitat. Both class and patch level changes corroborate the trend of fragmentation
Acción antrópica ; Aprovechamiento del suelo ; Bosque ; Desarrollo regional ; Eslovenia ; Karstificación ; Plantación forestal ; Repoblacíon forestal ; Siglo 19 ; Siglo 20 ; Siglo 21
Forest ; Forest stand ; Human impact ; Karstification ; Land use ; Nineteenth Century ; Reforestation ; Regional development ; Slovenia ; Twentieth Century ; Twenty-first century
In this paper the intense land-use changes in the Karst region and the surrounding karst areas is presented. People first thoroughly cleared the previously forested landscape, and then in the nineteenth century planned reforestation began. After
the Second World War uncontrolled afforestation predominated. At the beginning of the twenty-first century, predominantly low-quality forest already covered two-thirds of the Karst region. - (IKR)
Forest transition and biogeographic meaning of the current laurel forest landscape in Canary Islands, Spain
Biogeography ; Canary Islands ; Forest ; Human impact ; Land use ; Landscape dynamics ; National park ; Subtropical zone ; Vegetation dynamics
Acción antrópica ; Aprovechamiento del suelo ; Biogeografía ; Bosque ; Canarias ; Dinámica de la vegetación ; Dinámica del paisaje ; Parque nacional ; Zona subtropical
According to the forest transition theory, in the protected areas of Anaga and Teno Rural Parks (Tenerife) and Garajonay National Park (La Gomera), the forest reaction to the gradual abandonment of economic activity reveals how strongly human
activity has shaped the features of the laurel forest, which traditionally has been considered to be relatively untouched by humankind. How natural disturbances have affected this forest over the past few years has also contributed to a better understanding
of its dynamics. This study explains the key patterns of spontaneous dynamics in the Canarian laurel forest to enrich the understanding of this forest and its landscape, while highlighting the importance of human activity as the catalyst for its current
An approach to spatially explicit reconstruction of historical forest in Northeast China
China ; Cultivated land ; Forest ; Historical period ; Land use ; Model ; North-Eastern China ; Remote sensing ; Satellite imagery
Aprovechamiento del suelo ; Bosque ; China ; Imagen satélite ; Modelo ; Suelo cultivado ; Teledetección ; Época histórica
Using potential natural vegetation (PNV) and satellite-based land use data, the AA. determined the possible maximum distribution extent of forest cover in the absence of human disturbance. Subsequently, topography and climate factors were selected
to assess the suitability of land for cultivation. Finally, a historical forest area allocation model was devised on the basis of the suitability of land for cultivation. As a case study, the AA. used the historical forest area allocation model
to reconstruct forest cover for 1780 and 1940 in Northeast China with a 10-km resolution. To validate the model, the AA. compared satellite-based forest cover data with the reconstruction for 2000. The results demonstrated that the provincial forest area could
be transformed into forest cover maps well using the model.
Economic instruments for tropical forests (the Congo Basin case)
Africa ; Africa central ; Aprovechamientoforestal ; Bosque tropical ; Cuenca Congo ; Cuenca hidrográfica ; Economía forestal ; Exploitación sustentable ; Explotación forestal ; Industria madera ; Industrialización ; Países en desarrollo ; Politica
Africa ; Central Africa ; Congo Basin ; Developing countries ; Drainage basins ; Economic policy ; Forest economics ; Forest logging ; Forest planning ; Forest resource ; Forestry policy ; Incentive ; Industrialization ; Pricing ; Private sector
; Sustainable use ; Taxation ; Tropical forest ; Tropical zone ; Wood industry
forestal ; Política económica ; Recurso forestal ; Sector privado ; Tasación ; Zona tropical
forests and especially one of its most controversial aspects: logging. Drawing on economic theory and concrete examples mainly from Central Africa but also from south-east Asia, this book provides a pragmatic and stimulating view of the forestry policy
issues bound up with these new aspects of tropical forest management at the crossroads of economics and ecology.
Human-driven topographic effects on the distribution of forest in a flat, lowland agricultural region
Agricultural land use ; Denmark ; Digital elevation model ; Forest ; Human impact ; LiDAR ; Model ; Regression analysis ; Spatial distribution ; Topography
Acción antrópica ; Análisis de regresión ; Aprovechamiento agrícola del suelo ; Bosque ; Dinamarca ; Distribución espacial ; LiDAR ; Modelo ; Modelo numérico de terreno ; Topografía
The AA. used spatial regression modeling to assess the extent to which topographic factors explain forest distribution (presence-absence at a 48×48 m resolution) in a lowland agricultural region of Denmark at regional and landscape scales (whole
study area and 10×10 km grid cells, respectively), how landscape-scale forest-topography relationships vary geographically, and which potential drivers (topographic heterogeneity, forest cover, clay content, coastal/inland location) determine
this geographic heterogeneity. It is shown that explanatory power of topography at landscape scale was moderately dependent on the potential drivers, with topographic control being strongest in areas with high topographic heterogeneity and little forest cover
. However, these conditioning effects were themselves geographically variable. The findings show that topography by shaping human land-use can affect forest distribution even in flat, lowland regions, but especially via localized, geographically variable
Soil organic carbon storage capacity positively related to forest succession on the Loess Plateau, China
Carbon cycle ; Carbon sequestration ; China ; Ecological restoration ; Forest ; Gansu ; Land use ; Loess ; Plateau
Aprovechamiento del suelo ; Bosque ; China ; Ciclo del carbono ; Kansou ; Loess ; Meseta
To explore the factors which foster changes in the soil carbon pool in forest restoration, a study comparing soil organic carbon at different vegetation succession stages along a 150-year chronosequence was conducted in the Ziwuling forest region
located in the central part of the Loess Plateau. It showed that in long-term (~ 150 yr) secondary forest succession the soil organic carbon storage (Cs), soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN), and C/N ratio all increased rapidly and tended
of the accumulation of the SOC and the TN during forest succession and this capacity has shown to be positively related to forest succession on the Loess Plateau, China.
Forest line changes after 1960 in a Norwegian mountain region - implications for the future
Biogeography ; Climatic change ; Climatic warming ; Forest ; Land use ; Livestock ; Mountain ; Norway ; Pastureland ; Southern Norway ; Tree line
Aprovechamiento del suelo ; Biogeografía ; Bosque ; Cambio climático ; Ganado ; Limite superior del bosque ; Montaña ; Noruega ; Pasto ; Recalentamiento climático
The aim of this paper is to investigate the effects of land use and climate on forest line changes at regional and local scale in eastern Jotunheimen, a mountain region in southern Norway. It is shown that these forest line changes can be related
is considered the main driver for the forest line shifts observed in the region. However, the predicted climate warming, together with continued trends of decreasing and abandoned free-range grazing of livestock will cause further forest expansion above
the present forest lines also in the eastern Jotunheimen mountain range.
Budgeting soil erosion from floodplain and alluvial fan sediments in the western Palatinate Forest (Pfälzerwald, Germany)
Alluvial cone ; C 14 dating ; Erosion budget ; Floodplain ; Forest ; Germany ; Land use ; Palatinate ; Pollen analysis ; Soil erosion ; Stratigraphy ; Watershed
Alemaña ; Análisis polínico ; Aprovechamiento del suelo ; Balance de erosión ; Bosque ; Cono de deyección ; Cuenca hidrográfica ; Datación Carbono 14 ; Erosión de los suelos ; Estratigrafía ; Llanura de inundación ; Palatinado
The catchment selected is that of the Schwarzbach in the western Palatinate Forest. Its Holocene floodplain and those of its tributaries were studied in detail at several sites, the focus being on the thickness, characteristics and age
to the settlement history of the western Palatinate forest. By comparison with similar small Upland catchments, the erosion rates of the Schwarzbach valley are low. This may be explained by the reduced suitability of the Palatinate Forest for agriculture
, and consequently a later onset of forest clearing, mostly followed by merely extensive land use.
Bolivia ; Classification ; Deforestation ; Environmental management ; Forest ; LANDSAT ; Land use ; Remote sensing ; Road ; Tropical rain forest ; Tropical zone
Aprovechamiento del suelo ; Bosque ; Carretera ; Clasificación ; Desmonte ; Gestión del medio ambiente ; LANDSAT ; Selva tropical ; Teledetección ; Zona intertropical
This research presents the analysis of rates and patterns of land cover change in Pando, northern Bolivia. Using a decision tree classifier, five forest/non-forest (FNF) classifications were created for 1986, 1991, 1996, 2000, and 2005 from 40
Landsat images that were preprocessed and mosaicked. FNF trajectory images were created for each date pair to indicate areas of stable forest and non-forest, and areas and rates of de/reforestation. Multiple non-linear relationships exist between
the fragmentation metrics and distance from road. The results have implications for understanding and managing the spatial contiguity of these forests, which provide valuable ecological services as well as the livelihood base for many inhabitants.
Suitability analysis of land use records of agricultural and forest land for detecting land use change on the case of the Pomurska Statistical Region
Agricultura ; Agroforestería ; Aprovechamiento del suelo ; Dato ; Eslovenia ; Espacio rural
The article presents the results of suitability analysis of agricultural and forestal land use records for the monitoring of land use change in Slovenia. Since the metadata of land use datasets are of crucial importance, the article exposes
Adaptación ; América latina ; Aprovechamiento agrícola del suelo ; Cambio climático ; Cosecha ; Econometría ; Economía rural ; Ecosistema ; Escenario ; Estrategia económica ; Ganadería ; Modelo
The paper develops a spatial rural economy model of adaptation to rural change that accounts for a multitude of rural enterprises across a diversity of ecosystems in South America using household surveys. Adoptions of crops, livestock, forests
and both specialized and diversified enterprises are modeled. Livestock, forests, and a diversification into crops, livestock, and forests are key adaptation strategies. Adaptation behaviours are closely tied with ecosystem changes under global warming.
A remote sensing approach to biodiversity assessment and regionalization of the Canadian boreal forest
Biodiversity ; Biogeography ; Boreal area ; Canada ; Cluster analysis ; Forest ; Indicator ; Land use ; Plant cover ; Productivity ; Remote sensing ; Topography
Análisis de grupos ; Aprovechamiento del suelo ; Biodiversidad ; Biogeografía ; Bosque ; Canada ; Cobertura vegetal ; Indicador ; Productividad ; Teledetección ; Topografía ; Zona boreal
To identify relevant remotely derived environmental indicators specific to biodiversity within the Canadian boreal forest, the AA. assessed indicators of the physical environment such as seasonal snow cover, topography and vegetation production
. Using cluster analysis, the AA. also assessed the applicability of these indicators for broad ecosystem classification of the Canadian boreal forest and the subsequent attribution of these stratified regions (i.e. clusters). The results reveal