Informal and illegal movement in the Upper Greater Mekong subregion : costs and benefits of informal networks for goods and people
Asie ; Birmanie ; Cambodge ; Chine ; Economie souterraine ; Espace transfrontalier ; Frontière ; Migration de travail ; Migration internationale ; Minorité ; Niveau de vie ; Région du Grand Mékong ; Secteur d'activité ; Secteur informel
Asia ; Burma ; Cambodia ; China ; Economic sector ; Frontier ; Greater Mekong Sub-region ; Informal sector ; International migration ; Labour migration ; Living standard ; Minority ; Trans-border area ; Underground economy ; Vulnerability
Cross border migrations and trafficking are the focus of intense scrutiny in SEA. The loss of sustainable agricultural livelihood has been an important push factor resulting in their informal and illegal movement. The pull factors are growing low
-wage employment in small-scale manufacturing, construction and transport. The principal area is currently known as the Quadrangle Economic Cooperation Zone or Golden Quadrangle. In the context of globalisation, labour migration and goods trafficking
these borders are lined with illegal markets of every kind. - (GL)
Asie ; Birmanie ; Commerce ; Contrebande ; Economie souterraine ; Espace transfrontalier ; Migration de travail ; Région du Grand Mékong ; Secteur d'activité ; Secteur informel ; Thaïlande
Asia ; Burma ; Economic sector ; Greater Mekong Sub-region ; Informal sector ; Labour migration ; Thailand ; Trade ; Trans-border area ; Underground economy
Book in two parts : 1 - Myanmar’s cross-border trade ; 2- Cross-border mobility and human smuggling from Myanmar. Causes of informal and illegal exchanges are identified and described without commenting on their origins. Not knowing their effects
while Shan are crossing in Tachileik and Muse. Estimates give the Burmese population out of Myanmar at 10 % (on 55 millions) which shows the degree of mobility of the population. Illegal migrants are vulnerable to various abuses both in Myanmar
and in their destination countries. The major impetus of migration from Myanmar is to maximize income and the decision of migration is mostly made by families. The question remains what policy measures should be appropriate to convert these illegal movements into formal
, legal, and ethical practices that can contribute in a positive way towards economic and social development. Emphasis should be given to pro-poor policy measures to establish a visible link between trade and poverty alleviation. - (GL)
Counterfeiting ; Economic sector ; Europe ; European Union ; Globalization ; Illegality ; International cooperation
Contrefaçon ; Coopération internationale ; Europe ; Illégalité ; Lutte contre la contrefaçon ; Mondialisation ; Secteur d'activité ; Union européenne
La contrefaçon s'est mondialisée, industrialisée et diversifiée, profitant des occasions offertes par la mondialisation de l'économie. Associée aux activités des organisations criminelles, cette production est une menace économique pour les
Caribbean ; Drug ; Economic sector ; Globalization ; Illegal networks ; Market ; Traffic ; World
Drogue ; Marché ; Monde ; Monde caraïbe ; Mondialisation ; Réseau illicite ; Secteur d'activité ; Trafic
Le développement accéléré de l'économie des drogues est un des aspects de la mondialisation des activités. Dans le Bassin caraïbe, au rôle essentiel dans l'approvisionnement du marché états-unien, l'espace des stupéfiants s'organise en réseaux
Cultural capital ; Czech Republic ; Economic activity ; Foreign worker ; Illegal work ; International migration ; Social capital ; Typology
Activité économique ; Capital culturel ; Capital social ; Migration internationale ; Tchèque république ; Travail au noir ; Travailleur étranger ; Typologie
This article deals with immigrants performing irregular economic activities in Czechia ; specifically, it presents a typology of immigrants’ aspirations and factors influencing the successful realization of these aspirations. The findings are based
Environment ; Illegality ; Ireland ; Irish local authorities ; Legislation ; Waste ; best practice ; enforcement ; prosecution ; technology ; waste
waste charges have contributed to some of the classic waste enforcement issues, like illegal dumping. In addition, the current economic recession affects the resources that local authorities have available to implement enforcement actions. In order
used are evaluated for efficiency at reducing the main illegal actions, such as illegal dumping, and compared to international best practices. Finally, the actions carried out by the local authorities in terms of public awareness and environmental
Interpretations for the alien invasion of illegal Mexican immigrants center around two positions: a push and a pull theory. Treating the migration as a labor migration, a set of hypothesis is tested dealing with economic conditions in the US
and Mexico for the 1948-1972 period. The push of conditions in Mexico accounts better for the migration than the pulls of economic opportunity in the US. The out-migration is traced to institutional changes deriving from economic development in Mexico
Breaking the convention : researching the illegal migration of refugees to Europe
The paper examines the responses by researchers in geography and related disciplines to asylum-seeking and other forms of migration that are categorised as illegal as a result of recent European policy developments. The potential for participatory
Attractiveness of roads for illegal dumping with regard to regional differences in Slovenia
The first countrywide register of illegal dump sites in Slovenia was created in 2010 and 2011. Due to its extensiveness it allows in-depth analyses of factors that affect illegal waste disposal. Prior research has already proven the impact of roads
on the incidence of illegal dumps, but in this paper we investigate if regional differences significantly influence its expression. We find significant differences between landscape types in the attractiveness of roads for disposal. - (IKR)
Charente-Maritime ; Employment ; France ; Illegal work ; Labour ; Poitou-Charentes ; Seaside tourism ; Seasonal work ; Tourism ; Unemployment
L'A. pose la question de la superposition ou de la corrélation du tourisme côtier et du chômage. La superposition est un fait et la corrélation une hypothèse possibiliste. Examen de l'activité touristique, activité saisonnière favorisant le travail
This paper investigates the neoliberalization of the Balkan forestry sector within the context of illegal logging practices. The experiences and aspirations of individuals implicated in such activities are used as a basis for interrogating
The città abusiva in contemporary Southern Italy : illegal building and prospects for change
Campania ; House building ; Housing ; Housing policy ; Illegality ; Italy ; Lazio ; Rehabilitation ; Sicilia ; Urban planning ; Urban policy ; Urban renewal
This study examines the unauthorised development in the south of Italy and evaluates the consequenc-es of the condono edilizio (building amnesty) policy, in the light of the impact that illegal construction has on the the landscape, both urban
Caribbean ; Cultural studies ; Economic flow ; Economy ; History ; Independence ; Information flow ; Island ; Natural hazards ; Political geography ; Post-colonialism ; Tax haven ; Thematic mapping ; West Indies
-colonial pathways to political independence, tax havens and illegal trafficking, and universities and information technology networks. A detailed text is supported by rigorous cartography in order to grasp the intricate mosaic of cultures and economic