The common aim of the studies is to gain a greater understanding of the spatial structure of patenting activity, of the research and development (RD) activities associated with this, and of the innovative potential which it lays bear. An even
is linked to further data on such matters as population, type of employment, and research and development activity. - (L'A.).
Changes in cultural landscapes are examined theoretically and through applications of the theory developed. The concept of cultural landscape is interpreted as laying emphasis on visible and experiential landscape elements resulting from human
activity. A multidimensional model for the concept is developed in which landscape phenomena are formed by a combination of material factors, non-material, experiential factors and underlying human and natural factors. It is then tested in a set of small
of earlier studies, the paper measures effects of regional networks by observing specific performance characteristics, immediately depending onto the networking activity. The empirical results show that networks offer synergies. - (IFL)
This paper investigates the feasibility of using Landsat TM data to retrieve leaf area index (LAI). To get a LAI retrieval model based ground reflectance and vegetation index, detailed field data were collected in the study area of eastern China
, dominated by bamboo, tea plant and greengage. The AA. discuss the sensitivity of parameters in the LAI retrieval model, and retrieve a suitable LAI model for the sub-tropical vegetation based on Landsat TM data, and validate the model with ground-based LAI
mono-industries in a state of marked decline, employing over 50 % of the local active population which had to revert to other activities. The proportion of collective lay-offs surpassed 25 % of the total employed population. Another two relevant
The aim of this paper is to analyse the following strategies used to assess productivity of vegetation : 1) measuring LAI (Leaf Area Index) and fPAR (Fraction of Photosynthetically Active Radiation); 2) calculating band ratios representing soil
Activism ; Antiracism struggle ; Asians ; California ; Community ; Enquiry ; Neighbourhood ; Redevelopment ; San Francisco ; Social movement ; United States of America ; Urban renewal ; Urban society
Dublin ; Economic activity ; Historical geography ; Ireland ; Land ; Land use ; Middle Age ; Thirteenth Century ; Twelfth Century ; Urban morphology ; Urban site
Situated to the west of the walled city, the western suburb of medieval Dublin was in its embryonic stages of development during the last decades of the 12th and throughout the 13th century. The first signs of westward expansion were the laying out
Spatial and temporal variation of global LAI during 1981-2006
In this paper, the AA. use a long-term leaf area index data (LAI) to identify where changes happened and where has experienced the strongest change around the globe during 1981–2006. Results show that, over the past 26 years, LAI has generally
increased at a rate of 0.0013 per year around the globe. LAI has prominently increased in Europe, Siberia, Indian Peninsula, America and south Canada, South region of Sahara, southwest corner of Australia and Kgalagadi Basin; while noticeably decreased
in Southeast Asia, southeastern China, central Africa, central and southern South America and arctic areas in North America. The geographic distribution of global LAI trend over the 26 years is mapped, and the hot-spot areas with extreme trends are identified.
Neighbourhood for playing : using GPS, GIS and accelerometry to delineate areas within which youth are physically active
This paper combines GPS data, diaries and accelerometry to delineate empirically the local area and distance within which youth play in Erie County, New York. The study found that youth tend to be physically active within a quarter-mile radius
Human geographies of climate change : landscape, temporality, and lay knowledges
The AA. bring together work on landscape, temporality and lay knowledges to propose new ways of understanding climate change. A focus on the familiar landscapes of everyday life offers an opportunity to examine how climate change could be researched
Forderung des Umweltbewusstseins durch die Gestaltung eines Freizeit-und Erholungsparkes in einer sozialistischen Stadt. (Promoting environment-mindedness by laying out a recreation park in a socialist city)
Optimum organization of the environment is a extremly complex group of tasks to be dealt with by architects and town planners. It was necessary to take into account the opinions and ideas of the resident in the process of laying out an adequate
Leaf area index (LAI) of natural vegetation is recognized as the most important variable for measuring vegetation structure over large areas, and for relating it to energy and mass exchange. In this paper, according to the statistical analysis based
on a lot of forest plots, the mathematical models of LAI distribution patterns in the hydro-thermal spaces for 5 coniferous forest types in China were established.
Using a case study of recreational angling, the A. shows how fish in English rivers and lakes are counted and anglers act as lay or amateur knowledge-producers in the state's metrological knowledge-practices. She shows how, to support environmental
measurement, the state manages not only the environment and fish, but also anglers as lay knowledge-producers, using both regulation and economic incentives.